Fahrni Mathumalar Loganathan, Ismail Intan An-Nisaa', Refi Dalia Mohammed, Almeman Ahmad, Yaakob Norliana Che, Saman Kamaliah Md, Mansor Nur Farhani, Noordin Noorasmah, Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia.
Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Communities of Research (Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2022 Mar 2;15(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s40545-022-00411-5.
Successful mass vaccination programmes are public health achievements of the contemporary world. While pharmaceutical companies are actively developing new vaccines, and demonstrating results of effectiveness and safety profiles, concerns on COVID-19 vaccine management are under-reported. We aimed to synthesise the evidence for efficient cold chain management of COVID vaccines.
The scoping review's conduct and reporting were based on the PRISMA-ScR 2018 checklist. We searched from April 2020 to January 2022 for publications in PubMed (LitCovid), Scopus and ScienceDirect. All review stages were pilot-tested to calibrate 2 reviewers. Articles on cold chain logistics and management were included, while publications solely describing COVID vaccines, their development and clinical aspects of the vaccine, were excluded. To capture relevant data, charting was conducted by one reviewer and verified by another. Results were analysed thematically and summarised descriptively in a table and in-text.
We assessed 6984 potentially relevant citations. We included 14 publications originating from USA (n = 6), India (n = 2), Finland, Spain, Bangladesh, Netherlands, Switzerland and Ethiopia. They were reported as reviews (4), policy or guidance documents (3), experimental studies (2), case reports (2), expert commentary (1), phenomenological study (1), and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory trial (1). The findings were presented in three themes: (i) regulatory requirements for cold-chain logistics, (ii) packaging and storage, and (iii) transportation and distribution. A conceptual framework emerged linking regulatory requirements, optimal logistics operation and formulation stability as the key to efficient cold chain management. Recommendations were made for improving formulation stability, end-product storage conditions, and incorporating monitoring technologies.
COVID-19 vaccines require special end-to-end supply cold chain requirements, from manufacture, and transportation to warehouses and healthcare facilities. To sustain production, minimise wastage, and for vaccines to reach target populations, an efficient and resilient vaccine supply chain which is assisted by temperature monitoring technologies is imperative.
成功的大规模疫苗接种计划是当代世界的公共卫生成就。虽然制药公司在积极研发新疫苗，并展示其有效性和安全性结果，但关于新冠疫苗管理的问题却鲜有报道。我们旨在综合有关新冠疫苗高效冷链管理的证据。
本范围综述的开展和报告基于PRISMA-ScR 2018清单。我们在2020年4月至2022年1月期间检索了PubMed（LitCovid）、Scopus和ScienceDirect上的出版物。所有综述阶段都经过了预测试，以校准两名评审员。纳入了关于冷链物流与管理的文章，而仅描述新冠疫苗、其研发及疫苗临床方面的出版物被排除。为获取相关数据，由一名评审员进行图表绘制，并由另一名评审员进行核实。结果进行了主题分析，并以表格和正文形式进行描述性总结。
我们评估了6984条潜在相关引文。我们纳入了14篇来自美国（6篇）、印度（2篇）、芬兰、西班牙、孟加拉国、荷兰、瑞士和埃塞俄比亚的出版物。它们被报告为综述（4篇）、政策或指导文件（3篇）、实验研究（2篇）、病例报告（2篇）、专家评论（1篇）、现象学研究（1篇）以及决策试验与评价实验室试验（1篇）。研究结果呈现为三个主题：（i）冷链物流的监管要求，（ii）包装与储存，以及（iii）运输与配送。一个概念框架浮现出来，将监管要求、最佳物流运作和制剂稳定性联系起来，作为高效冷链管理的关键。针对改善制剂稳定性、成品储存条件以及纳入监测技术提出了建议。
新冠疫苗需要特殊的端到端供应冷链要求，从生产、运输到仓库及医疗保健设施。为维持生产、减少浪费并使疫苗能够送达目标人群，一个由温度监测技术辅助的高效且有弹性的疫苗供应链势在必行。
