Department of Bone & Joint, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China.
Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Mar 18;20(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01342-8.
With the gradual demographic shift toward an aging and obese society, an increasing number of patients are suffering from bone and cartilage injuries. However, conventional therapies are hindered by the defects of materials, failing to adequately stimulate the necessary cellular response to promote sufficient cartilage regeneration, bone remodeling and osseointegration. In recent years, the rapid development of nanomedicine has initiated a revolution in orthopedics, especially in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, due to their capacity to effectively stimulate cellular responses on a nanoscale with enhanced drug loading efficiency, targeted capability, increased mechanical properties and improved uptake rate, resulting in an improved therapeutic effect. Therefore, a comprehensive review of advancements in nanomedicine for bone and cartilage diseases is timely and beneficial. This review firstly summarized the wide range of existing nanotechnology applications in the medical field. The progressive development of nano delivery systems in nanomedicine, including nanoparticles and biomimetic techniques, which are lacking in the current literature, is further described. More importantly, we also highlighted the research advancements of nanomedicine in bone and cartilage repair using the latest preclinical and clinical examples, and further discussed the research directions of nano-therapies in future clinical practice.
随着人口逐渐向老龄化和肥胖化社会转变，越来越多的患者遭受骨和软骨损伤。然而，传统疗法受到材料缺陷的限制，无法充分刺激必要的细胞反应，从而促进足够的软骨再生、骨重塑和骨整合。近年来，纳米医学的快速发展引发了骨科领域的革命，特别是在组织工程和再生医学领域，因为它们能够在纳米尺度上有效刺激细胞反应，提高药物装载效率、靶向能力、增加机械性能和提高吸收率，从而提高治疗效果。因此，及时对骨和软骨疾病的纳米医学进展进行全面综述是有益的。本文首先总结了现有纳米技术在医学领域的广泛应用。进一步描述了纳米医学中纳米递药系统的不断发展，包括纳米粒子和仿生技术，这在当前文献中有所欠缺。更重要的是，我们还通过最新的临床前和临床实例强调了纳米医学在骨和软骨修复方面的研究进展，并进一步讨论了纳米疗法在未来临床实践中的研究方向。
