Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, 18323, Republic of Korea.
Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Mar 24;20(1):152. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01364-2.
Presently, nanocarriers (NCs) have gained huge attention for their structural ability, good biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The development of effective NCs with stimuli-responsive properties has acquired a huge interest among scientists. When developing drug delivery NCs, the fundamental goal is to tackle the delivery-related problems associated with standard chemotherapy and to carry medicines to the intended sites of action while avoiding undesirable side effects. These nanocarriers were able of delivering drugs to tumors through regulating their pH, temperature, enzyme responsiveness. With the use of nanocarriers, chemotherapeutic drugs could be supplied to tumors more accurately that can equally encapsulate and deliver them. Material carriers for chemotherapeutic medicines are discussed in this review keeping in viewpoint of the structural properties and targeting methods that make these carriers more therapeutically effective, in addition to metabolic pathways triggered by drug-loaded NCs. Largely, the development of NCs countering to endogenous and exogenous stimuli in tumor regions and understanding of mechanisms would encourage the progress for tumor therapy and precision diagnosis in future.
目前，纳米载体（NCs）因其结构能力、良好的生物相容性和可生物降解性而受到极大关注。具有刺激响应特性的有效 NCs 的开发引起了科学家们的极大兴趣。在开发药物递送 NCs 时，基本目标是解决与标准化学疗法相关的递送问题，并将药物递送到预期的作用部位，同时避免不良的副作用。这些纳米载体能够通过调节 pH 值、温度、酶反应性将药物递送到肿瘤中。通过使用纳米载体，可以更准确地向肿瘤提供化疗药物，并且可以将它们同样地包裹和递送到肿瘤中。本综述讨论了化疗药物的材料载体，着眼于结构特性和靶向方法，这些特性和方法使这些载体更具治疗效果，以及载药 NCs 触发的代谢途径。总的来说，开发针对肿瘤区域内内源性和外源性刺激的 NCs 以及对机制的理解将鼓励未来肿瘤治疗和精准诊断的进展。
