Xue Jia, Hu Ran, Chai Lei, Han Ziqiang, Sun Ivan Y
Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Faculty of Information, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 14;13:720149. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.720149. eCollection 2022.
School bullying threatens the health of children and adolescents, such as mental health disorders, social deviant behaviors, suicidal behaviors, and coping difficulties. The present study aims to address (1) prevalence rates of both traditional and cyber school bullying perpetration, and (2) the associations between self-control, parental involvement, experiencing conflicts with parents, experiencing interparental conflict, and risk behaviors, and school bullying perpetration among Chinese children and adolescents.
This study used data from a national representative school bullying survey ( = 3,675) among children and adolescents from all grades (primary school 4th grade to high school 12th grade) in seven cities in China. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate the effects of these predictive factors on traditional and cyber school bullying perpetration, respectively. Seven control variables were included, such as gender, boarding school, family socioeconomic status, and parents' education levels.
The sample comprised 52% female, 18% at boarding school, 70% of the participants' academic performance was average or above. Approximately 17.3% of the participants reported participating in traditional school bullying against their peers, and 7.8% perpetrated cyberbullying behaviors. Also, after controlling sociodemographic characteristics and high self-control, parental involvement reduced the likelihood of traditional and cyberbullying perpetrating. Experiencing interparental conflict and risk behavior was significantly associated with increased perpetration of traditional and cyber school bullying. We found that having a conflict with parents was significantly associated with cyberbullying perpetration.
Findings have implications for practice. Anti-bullying intervention programs targeting this population should consider these factors. For example, school administrators may develop school programs involving parents in the efforts and interventions workshops improving children and adolescents' levels of self-control. Limitations are also discussed.
校园欺凌威胁着儿童和青少年的健康，如心理健康障碍、社会越轨行为、自杀行为及应对困难。本研究旨在探讨：（1）传统校园欺凌和网络校园欺凌的发生率；（2）中国儿童和青少年的自我控制、父母参与度、与父母发生冲突、经历父母间冲突及风险行为与校园欺凌行为之间的关联。
本研究使用了来自中国七个城市所有年级（小学四年级至高中十二年级）儿童和青少年的全国代表性校园欺凌调查数据（n = 3675）。采用负二项回归分别估计这些预测因素对传统校园欺凌和网络校园欺凌行为的影响。纳入了七个控制变量，如性别、寄宿学校、家庭社会经济地位和父母教育水平。
样本中女性占52%，寄宿学校学生占18%，70%的参与者学业成绩为中等或以上。约17.3%的参与者报告曾对同龄人实施传统校园欺凌，7.8%实施过网络欺凌行为。此外，在控制社会人口统计学特征和高自我控制能力后，父母参与度降低了实施传统和网络欺凌的可能性。经历父母间冲突和风险行为与传统和网络校园欺凌行为的增加显著相关。我们发现与父母发生冲突与网络欺凌行为显著相关。
研究结果对实践具有启示意义。针对这一人群的反欺凌干预项目应考虑这些因素。例如，学校管理人员可制定让家长参与的学校项目以及干预工作坊，以提高儿童和青少年的自我控制水平。同时也讨论了研究的局限性。
