适用于实际应用的软致动器。
Soft actuators for real-world applications.
作者信息
Li Meng, Pal Aniket, Aghakhani Amirreza, Pena-Francesch Abdon, Sitti Metin
机构信息
Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Robotics Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Mater. 2022 Mar;7:235-249. doi: 10.1038/s41578-021-00389-7. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
Inspired by physically adaptive, agile, reconfigurable and multifunctional soft-bodied animals and human muscles, soft actuators have been developed for a variety of applications, including soft grippers, artificial muscles, wearables, haptic devices and medical devices. However, the complex performance of biological systems cannot yet be fully replicated in synthetic designs. In this Review, we discuss new materials and structural designs for the engineering of soft actuators with physical intelligence and advanced properties, such as adaptability, multimodal locomotion, self-healing and multi-responsiveness. We examine how performance can be improved and multifunctionality implemented by using programmable soft materials, and highlight important real-world applications of soft actuators. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for next-generation soft actuators, including physical intelligence, adaptability, manufacturing scalability and reproducibility, extended lifetime and end-of-life strategies.
受身体适应性强、敏捷、可重构和多功能的软体动物及人类肌肉的启发，软驱动器已被开发用于各种应用，包括软夹具、人造肌肉、可穿戴设备、触觉设备和医疗设备。然而，生物系统的复杂性能尚未能在合成设计中完全复制。在本综述中，我们讨论用于设计具有物理智能和先进特性（如适应性、多模态运动、自愈和多响应性）的软驱动器的新材料和结构设计。我们研究如何通过使用可编程软材料来提高性能并实现多功能性，并强调软驱动器在重要现实世界中的应用。最后，我们讨论下一代软驱动器面临的挑战和机遇，包括物理智能、适应性、制造可扩展性和可重复性、延长使用寿命以及报废策略。
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