Astuti Puji, Khairan Khairan, Marthoenis Marthoenis, Hasballah Kartini
Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.
LLDikti Wilayah XIII, Aceh Besar 23352, Indonesia.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 May 15;15(5):608. doi: 10.3390/ph15050608.
Essential oils are gaining popularity for their use in treating depression, including that extracted from patchouli leaves and stems (Pogostemon cablin). Herein, we used patchouli oil (PO) containing a high amount of patchouli alcohol derived from P. cablin var. Tapak Tuan. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant potential of PO, with a variety of patchouli alcohol concentrations obtained from a separation process using vacuum distillation with different temperature ranges. The initial patchouli oil (iPO) was traditionally distilled by a local farmer and further distilled using a rotary evaporator at temperature ranges of 115−160 °C (POF-1); 120−160 °C (POF-2), and 125−160 °C (POF-3), resulting in products with different patchouli alcohol concentrations. POF-3, with the highest patchouli alcohol content of 60.66% (based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), was used for cooling crystallization, resulting in 100% patchouli alcohol crystal (pPA). A tail suspension test (TST) was performed on a rat model to screen the antidepressant potential of iPO and its derivatives. The TST results revealed that POF-3 had the best antidepressant-like effect and was second only to the fluoxetine-based antidepressant, Kalxetin®, where both groups had significant reductions of immobility time post-treatment (p < 0.0001). Other than patchouli alcohol, POF-3 also contained ledol and trans-geraniol, which have been reported for their antidepressant-related activities. Brain dopamine levels increased significantly in the group treated with POF-3 (p < 0.05 as compared with the control group), suggesting its primary anti-depressant mechanism. These findings suggest the potential of vacuum-distilled patchouli oil in reducing depression via dopamine elevation.
精油因其在治疗抑郁症方面的应用而越来越受欢迎，包括从广藿香叶和茎（广藿香）中提取的精油。在此，我们使用了含有大量源自广藿香变种Tapak Tuan的广藿香醇的广藿香油（PO）。本研究的目的是研究PO的抗抑郁潜力，通过在不同温度范围内使用真空蒸馏的分离过程获得多种广藿香醇浓度。初始广藿香油（iPO）由当地农民传统蒸馏，并在115−160 °C（POF-1）、120−160 °C（POF-2）和125−160 °C（POF-3）的温度范围内使用旋转蒸发仪进一步蒸馏，得到具有不同广藿香醇浓度的产品。广藿香醇含量最高为60.66%（基于气相色谱-质谱法）的POF-3用于冷却结晶，得到100%的广藿香醇晶体（pPA）。在大鼠模型上进行尾悬挂试验（TST），以筛选iPO及其衍生物的抗抑郁潜力。TST结果显示，POF-3具有最佳的抗抑郁样效果，仅次于基于氟西汀的抗抑郁药Kalxetin®，两组在治疗后不动时间均显著减少（p < 0.0001）。除了广藿香醇，POF-3还含有已报道具有抗抑郁相关活性的喇叭醇和反式香叶醇。用POF-3治疗的组中脑多巴胺水平显著升高（与对照组相比，p < 0.05），表明其主要的抗抑郁机制。这些发现表明真空蒸馏的广藿香油通过提高多巴胺水平来减轻抑郁的潜力。
