Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Nutrients. 2022 May 26;14(11):2223. doi: 10.3390/nu14112223.
Adults with fatty liver present unusual glycaemia and lipid metabolism; as a result, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now considered as part of the metabolic syndrome (MetS).
To assess the 6- and 12-month effects of customized hypocaloric dietary and enhanced physical activity intervention on intrahepatic fat contents and progression of NAFLD, in patients with MetS.
Cross-sectional study in 155 participants (40-60 years old) from Balearic Islands and Navarra (Spain) with a diagnosis of NAFLD and MetS, and BMI (body mass index) between 27 and 40 kg/m; patients were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to either Conventional Diet, Mediterranean diet (MD)-high meal frequency, and MD-physical activity groups.
Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to Mediterranean diet, anthropometrics, physical activity, and biochemical parameters (fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase-ALT-, gamma-glutamyl transferase, uric acid, urea, creatinine, albumin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-HDL-cholesterol-, and triglycerides) were also assessed.
Subjects with NAFLD and MetS had reduced intrahepatic fat contents, and liver stiffness, despite the intervention the participants went through. All participants ameliorated BMI, insulin, Hb1Ac, diastolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, and ALT, and improved consumption of total energy, fish, and legumes. Participants in the MD-HMF group improved waist circumference.
Customized hypocaloric dietary and enhanced physical activity interventions may be useful to ameliorate NAFLD.
患有脂肪肝的成年人表现出不同寻常的血糖和脂质代谢；因此，非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD）现在被认为是代谢综合征（MetS）的一部分。
评估针对代谢综合征患者的个体化低热量饮食和增强体力活动干预对肝内脂肪含量和 NAFLD 进展的 6 个月和 12 个月影响。
在巴利阿里群岛和纳瓦拉（西班牙）的 155 名参与者（40-60 岁）中进行了一项横断面研究，这些参与者被诊断患有 NAFLD 和 MetS，BMI（体重指数）在 27 至 40kg/m 之间；患者按 1:1:1 的比例随机分为常规饮食组、地中海饮食（MD）高餐频组和 MD 体力活动组。
使用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。还评估了地中海饮食的依从性、人体测量学、体力活动和生化参数（空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆红素、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶-ALT-、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、尿酸、尿素、肌酐、白蛋白、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇-HDL-胆固醇-和甘油三酯）。
尽管参与者接受了干预，但患有 NAFLD 和 MetS 的受试者的肝内脂肪含量和肝硬度均有所降低。所有参与者的 BMI、胰岛素、Hb1Ac、舒张压、HDL 胆固醇和 ALT 均得到改善，总能量、鱼类和豆类的摄入量也有所增加。MD-HMF 组的参与者腰围得到改善。
个体化低热量饮食和增强体力活动干预可能有助于改善 NAFLD。
