Urbanowicz Paweł, Izdebski Radosław, Biedrzycka Marta, Literacka Elżbieta, Hryniewicz Waleria, Gniadkowski Marek
Department of Molecular Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, ul. Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, The National Reference Centre for Susceptibility Testing, National Medicines Institute, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
Infect Dis Ther. 2022 Aug;11(4):1725-1740. doi: 10.1007/s40121-022-00659-z. Epub 2022 Jun 10.
Pseudomonas putida group are described as low-incidence opportunistic pathogens, but also as a significant reservoir of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, including those of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). Our objective was the molecular and genomic characterization of MBL-producing P. putida (MPPP) group isolates from Poland, focusing on population structures, successful genotypes and MBL-encoding integrons.
During a country-wide MBL surveillance in Pseudomonas spp., 59 non-duplicate MPPP isolates were collected from 36 hospitals in 23 towns from 2003 to 2016. All of the isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS), followed by species identification, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based phylogenetic/clonality analysis, resistome determination, and susceptibility testing.
The study collection comprised 12 species, of which P. alloputida (n = 19), P. monteilii (n = 15), and P. asiatica (n = 11) prevailed, while the others were P. kurunegalensis, P. putida, P. soli, P. mosselii, P. juntendi, and four potentially new species. MLST classified the isolates into 23 sequence types (STs) of which 21 were new, with three main clones, namely P. alloputida ST69, P.monteilii ST95 and P. asiatica ST15. The isolates produced VIM-like MBLs only, largely VIM-2 (n = 40), encoded by 24 different class 1 integrons (ten new), a number of which occurred also in P. aeruginosa and/or Enterobacterales in Poland. The plasmid pool was dominated by IncP-9, IncP-2, and pMOS94-like types. Multiple isolates were extensively drug-resistant.
This study, being one of the most comprehensive analyses of MPPP so far, has shown high diversity of the isolates in general, with three apparently international lineages, each internally diversified by MBL-encoding structures.
恶臭假单胞菌属被描述为低发病率的机会致病菌，但也是抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）基因的重要储存库，包括金属β-内酰胺酶（MBL）基因。我们的目标是对来自波兰的产MBL的恶臭假单胞菌（MPPP）群体分离株进行分子和基因组特征分析，重点关注群体结构、成功的基因型和编码MBL的整合子。
在全国范围内对假单胞菌属进行MBL监测期间，从2003年至2016年，从23个城镇的36家医院收集了59株非重复的MPPP分离株。所有分离株均进行全基因组测序（WGS），随后进行物种鉴定、多位点序列分型（MLST）、基于单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的系统发育/克隆性分析、耐药基因组测定和药敏试验。
研究收集的菌株包括12个种，其中异恶臭假单胞菌（n = 19）、蒙氏假单胞菌（n = 15）和亚洲假单胞菌（n = 11）占主导地位，其他的有库伦格假单胞菌、恶臭假单胞菌、土壤假单胞菌、莫氏假单胞菌、琼氏假单胞菌以及四个潜在的新种。MLST将分离株分为23个序列类型（STs），其中21个是新的，有三个主要克隆，即异恶臭假单胞菌ST69、蒙氏假单胞菌ST95和亚洲假单胞菌ST15。分离株仅产生VIM样MBL，主要是VIM-2（n = 40），由24个不同的1类整合子（10个新的）编码，其中一些在波兰的铜绿假单胞菌和/或肠杆菌科中也有出现。质粒库以IncP-9、IncP-2和pMOS94样类型为主。多个分离株具有广泛耐药性。
本研究是迄今为止对MPPP最全面的分析之一，总体上显示出分离株具有高度多样性，有三个明显的国际谱系，每个谱系内部因编码MBL的结构而具有多样性。
