Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Dermatol Ther. 2022 Sep;35(9):e15685. doi: 10.1111/dth.15685. Epub 2022 Jul 18.
Extrinsic environmental factors, including patient lifestyle (alcohol intake, smoking, stress, sleep disturbances, and sedentary habit), diet and single nutrients intake may affect psoriasis clinical presentation, severity, and course. All English language articles dealing with psoriasis and lifestyle factors or diet gathered by an extensive PubMed search were carefully examined in order to explore their impact on the disease. Current authoritative knowledge confirms that low-calories, Mediterranean, and protein restricted/vegetarian diets may be beneficial. Psoriatic patients are also recommended to engage regular physical activity, to avoid alcohol intake and to consume fish rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as fruit and vegetables. Prebiotics and probiotics may also provide potential benefit, whereas vitamin D supplementation and gluten-free diet are useful in selected cases only. Changing of dietary and lifestyle habits alone does not replace conventional treatment, but must be considered as an adjuvant. Physicians may play a crucial role, by adequately acknowledging psoriatic patients on the advantages of proper lifestyle and diet habits as well as providing clues to reliable sources of dietary advice.
外在环境因素，包括患者的生活方式（饮酒、吸烟、压力、睡眠障碍和久坐习惯）、饮食和单一营养素摄入，可能会影响银屑病的临床表现、严重程度和病程。通过广泛的 PubMed 搜索，我们仔细研究了所有涉及银屑病和生活方式因素或饮食的英文文章，以探讨它们对疾病的影响。目前的权威知识证实，低热量、地中海式、限制蛋白质/素食的饮食可能是有益的。还建议银屑病患者定期进行身体活动，避免饮酒，食用富含欧米伽-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的鱼类以及水果和蔬菜。益生元和益生菌也可能提供潜在的益处，而维生素 D 补充剂和无麸质饮食仅在特定情况下有用。仅改变饮食和生活习惯并不能替代常规治疗，而必须被视为辅助治疗。医生可以通过充分认识到适当的生活方式和饮食习惯对银屑病患者的益处，并为他们提供可靠的饮食建议来源，从而发挥关键作用。
