Liang Shuang, Liao Guangfu, Zhu Wenzhen, Zhang Li
Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Biomater Res. 2022 Jul 6;26(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s40824-022-00275-5.
Theranostic nanoplatforms integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functions have received considerable attention in the past decade. Among them, hollow manganese (Mn)-based nanoplatforms are superior since they combine the advantages of hollow structures and the intrinsic theranostic features of Mn. Specifically, the hollow cavity can encapsulate a variety of small-molecule drugs, such as chemotherapeutic agents, photosensitizers and photothermal agents, for chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), respectively. After degradation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the released Mn is able to act simultaneously as a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent (CA) and as a Fenton-like agent for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). More importantly, synergistic treatment outcomes can be realized by reasonable and optimized design of the hollow nanosystems. This review summarizes various Mn-based hollow nanoplatforms, including hollow MnO, hollow matrix-supported MnO, hollow Mn-doped nanoparticles, hollow Mn complex-based nanoparticles, hollow Mn-cobalt (Co)-based nanoparticles, and hollow Mn-iron (Fe)-based nanoparticles, for MR imaging-guided cancer therapies. Finally, we discuss the potential obstacles and perspectives of these hollow Mn-based nanotheranostics for translational applications. Mn-based hollow nanoplatforms such as hollow MnO nanoparticles, hollow matrix-supported MnO nanoparticles, Mn-doped hollow nanoparticles, Mn complex-based hollow nanoparticles, hollow Mn-Co-based nanoparticles and hollow Mn-Fe-based nanoparticles show great promise in cancer theranostics.
在过去十年中，集成诊断和治疗功能的诊疗纳米平台受到了广泛关注。其中，基于空心锰（Mn）的纳米平台具有优势，因为它们结合了空心结构的优点和Mn的固有诊疗特性。具体而言，空心腔可以分别封装多种小分子药物，如化疗药物、光敏剂和光热剂，用于化疗、光动力疗法（PDT）和光热疗法（PTT）。在肿瘤微环境（TME）中降解后，释放的Mn能够同时作为磁共振（MR）成像造影剂（CA）和用于化学动力学疗法（CDT）的类芬顿试剂。更重要的是，通过对空心纳米系统进行合理且优化的设计，可以实现协同治疗效果。本文综述了各种基于Mn的空心纳米平台，包括空心MnO、空心基质负载MnO、空心Mn掺杂纳米颗粒、空心Mn配合物基纳米颗粒、空心Mn钴（Co）基纳米颗粒和空心Mn铁（Fe）基纳米颗粒，用于MR成像引导的癌症治疗。最后，我们讨论了这些基于Mn的空心纳米诊疗剂在转化应用中的潜在障碍和前景。基于Mn的空心纳米平台，如空心MnO纳米颗粒、空心基质负载MnO纳米颗粒、Mn掺杂空心纳米颗粒、Mn配合物基空心纳米颗粒、空心Mn-Co基纳米颗粒和空心Mn-Fe基纳米颗粒，在癌症诊疗方面显示出巨大的潜力。
