College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Jul 12;17(7):e0271325. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271325. eCollection 2022.
Effective and adequate anesthesia is conducive to better restrain for pigs during surgical or diagnostic procedures This study aimed to evaluate cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of ketamine-midazolam-xylazine-sufentanil or tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine as general anesthetics in miniature pigs. In phase 1, one of the combinations was administered intramuscularly to miniature pigs. The KMXS protocol combined 10 mg kg-1 ketamine, 0.5 mg kg-1 midazolam, and 2 mg kg-1 xylazine with 2 μg kg-1 sufentanil. The TZX protocol combined 2.2 mg kg-1 tiletamine, 2.2 mg kg-1 zolazepam, and 1.4 mg kg-1 xylazine. After treatment, the mean arterial pressure, systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation, rectal temperature, and anesthesia quality were recorded. In phase 2, the feasibility of KMXS and TZX as general anesthetics were evaluated for pig castration. In phase 1, both drug combinations provided smooth induction with similar anesthetic effects. The KMXS protocol provided moderate anesthesia for 60-70 minutes in pigs, while the TZX protocol provided 30-45 minutes. In phase 2, castration was completed smoothly in all pigs with little fluctuation in physiological variables. The KMXS protocol is better for medium-term anesthesia, while the TZX protocol is preferable for short-term anesthesia in pigs.
有效的和充分的麻醉有利于更好地在手术或诊断程序中约束猪。本研究旨在评估氯胺酮-咪达唑仑-二甲苯胺-舒芬太尼或替马唑仑-唑拉西泮-二甲苯胺作为小型猪全身麻醉的呼吸和麻醉效果。在第 1 阶段，将其中一种组合肌肉内给药给小型猪。KMXS 方案联合 10mg/kg 氯胺酮、0.5mg/kg 咪达唑仑和 2mg/kg 二甲苯胺，并用 2μg/kg 舒芬太尼。TZX 方案联合 2.2mg/kg 替马唑仑、2.2mg/kg 唑拉西泮和 1.4mg/kg 二甲苯胺。治疗后，记录平均动脉压、收缩压、舒张压、心率、呼吸频率、外周血红蛋白氧饱和度、直肠温度和麻醉质量。在第 2 阶段，评估 KMXS 和 TZX 作为猪去势的全身麻醉剂的可行性。在第 1 阶段，两种药物组合都具有相似的麻醉效果，诱导平稳。KMXS 方案可使猪麻醉 60-70 分钟，而 TZX 方案可使猪麻醉 30-45 分钟。在第 2 阶段，所有猪的去势均顺利完成，生理变量波动较小。KMXS 方案更适合中期麻醉，而 TZX 方案更适合猪的短期麻醉。
