Colon Violaine Albane, Lugsomya Kittitat, Lam Hoi Kiu, Wahl Lloyd Christian, Parkes Rebecca Sarah Victoria, Cormack Catherine Anne, Horlbog Jule Anna, Stevens Marc, Stephan Roger, Magouras Ioannis
Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Jul 22;9:912693. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.912693. eCollection 2022.
Chelonians are recognized as a source of human salmonellosis through direct contact or consumption of their meat. Freshwater turtles sold for food are widely available in wet markets in Asia. In this pilot study, 50 turtles belonging to three species were randomly sampled from wet markets throughout Hong Kong. The turtles were humanely euthanised and their feces or the colon were sampled for culture. The isolates obtained were serotyped and examined for phenotypic antimicrobial resistance and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes. The study reports a high prevalence (42%, 95% CI: 29.4-55.8) and considerable serotype diversity of among turtles sold in wet markets. The most common among the 11 serotypes isolated were . Oranienburg and . Thompson, which have been reported in turtles previously. The serotype . Manhattan is reported in chelonians for the first time. Resistance to streptomycin and chloramphenicol was common, despite the latter being banned from aquaculture in mainland China since 2002. Resistance against fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins which represent first-line treatment options for salmonellosis was also observed. The multidrug-resistance gene is identified for the first time in . This is a worrying finding as it indicates an expansion of the reservoir and potential horizontal spread to other bacteria. The results of this study emphasize the need for close surveillance of from turtles sold as food and better regulation of turtle farming to safeguard public health and improve animal welfare.
通过直接接触或食用龟类，人们认识到龟是人类沙门氏菌病的一个来源。作为食物出售的淡水龟在亚洲的湿货市场广泛可得。在这项试点研究中，从香港各地的湿货市场随机抽取了属于三个物种的50只龟。对这些龟实施安乐死，并采集它们的粪便或结肠进行培养。对获得的分离株进行血清分型，并检测其表型抗菌耐药性以及抗菌耐药基因的存在情况。该研究报告称，在湿货市场出售的龟中，沙门氏菌的流行率很高（42%，95%置信区间：29.4 - 55.8），且血清型多样性相当大。在分离出的11种血清型中，最常见的是奥兰宁堡和汤普森血清型，此前曾在龟类中报道过。曼哈顿血清型首次在龟类中被报道。对链霉素和氯霉素的耐药性很常见，尽管自2002年以来中国大陆已禁止在水产养殖中使用氯霉素。还观察到对代表沙门氏菌病一线治疗选择的氟喹诺酮类和第三代头孢菌素的耐药性。多重耐药基因首次在龟类中被鉴定出来。这是一个令人担忧的发现，因为它表明沙门氏菌库在扩大，并有可能横向传播到其他细菌。这项研究的结果强调，需要密切监测作为食物出售的龟类中的沙门氏菌，并更好地规范龟类养殖，以保障公众健康和改善动物福利。
