Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 27;27(17):5526. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175526.
Human milk is an intricate, bioactive food promoting infant health. We studied the composition of human milk samples collected over an 8-month lactation using H NMR metabolomics. A total of 72 human breast milk samples were collected from ten Chinese mothers at eight different time points. The concentrations of ten human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), fucose and lactose were quantified. Six of the mothers were classified as Lewis-positive secretors (SeLe) and four as Lewis-positive non-secretors (SeLe) based on the levels of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), lacto-N-fucopentaose (LNFP) II, lactodifucotetraose (LDFT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT). Acetate, citrate, short/medium-chain fatty acids, glutamine and urea showed a time-dependent trend in relation to the stage of lactation. The concentrations of 2'-FL, 3-FL (3-fucosyllactose), 3'-SL (3'-sialyllactose), LDFT, LNFP I, LNFP II, LNFP III, LNnT, LNT (lacto-N-tetraose), and fucose were statistically different between secretors and non-secretors. A temporal difference of approximately 1-2 months between the development of non-secretor and secretor HMO profiles was shown. The results highlighted the importance of long-term breastfeeding, especially among non-secretors.
人乳是一种复杂的生物活性食物，可促进婴儿健康。我们使用核磁共振代谢组学研究了 8 个月哺乳期采集的人乳样本的组成。从 10 位中国母亲的 8 个不同时间点共采集了 72 个人乳样本。定量了 10 个人乳低聚糖（HMO）、岩藻糖和乳糖的浓度。根据 2'-岩藻糖乳糖（2'-FL）、乳-N-岩藻五糖（LNFP）II、乳二岩藻四糖（LDFT）和乳-N-新四糖（LNnT）的水平，将其中 6 位母亲归类为 Lewis 阳性分泌型（SeLe），4 位母亲归类为 Lewis 阳性非分泌型（SeLe）。乙酸盐、柠檬酸盐、短/中链脂肪酸、谷氨酰胺和尿素与哺乳期阶段呈时间依赖性趋势。2'-FL、3-FL（3-岩藻糖乳糖）、3'-SL（3'-唾液酸乳糖）、LDFT、LNFP I、LNFP II、LNFP III、LNnT、LNT（乳-N-四糖）和岩藻糖的浓度在分泌型和非分泌型之间存在统计学差异。非分泌型和分泌型 HMO 谱的发育之间存在大约 1-2 个月的时间差异。结果强调了长期母乳喂养的重要性，尤其是在非分泌型人群中。
