Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2023 Nov;32(11):2313-2322. doi: 10.1007/s00787-022-02080-w. Epub 2022 Sep 13.
Higher levels of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) are associated with positive and negative mental health outcomes among adolescents, respectively. Research is needed to determine the interrelationship between ST and PA with depressive symptoms and the influence of ST modes. This study examines the associations between ST and PA level with depressive symptoms among 1756 adolescents (15.2 ± 1.6y; 995 female) in Ireland. Participants completed the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and self-reported weekly ST (TV, computer, and phone use) and PA level (low, moderate, and high). Linear regressions examined associations between ST mode, PA level and relevant covariates with depressive symptoms in the full sample by gender, and in a sample stratified by PA level. Chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA examined gender differences in hours of ST, PA levels, and depressive symptoms. Differential associations were observed depending on the gender and ST mode. Higher levels of computer (β = 0.106, p ≤ 0.000) and phone use (β = 0.138, p ≤ 0.000) showed the strongest associations with depressive symptoms. PA level was inversely associated with depressive symptoms (β = - 0.175, p ≤ 0.000). When the sample was stratified by PA level, only associations between phone use and depressive symptoms were moderated by PA level for males and females. These findings highlight the complex interrelationships between ST, PA, and depressive symptoms, and that associations may vary based on gender and ST mode. This may have implications for future interventions. Increasing PA and reducing ST should be targeted concurrently with consideration given to different media and genders. Future research should explore longitudinal and prospective associations.
较高水平的身体活动（PA）和屏幕时间（ST）分别与青少年的积极和消极心理健康结果相关。需要研究来确定 ST 和 PA 水平与抑郁症状之间的相互关系以及 ST 模式的影响。本研究调查了爱尔兰 1756 名青少年（15.2±1.6 岁；995 名女性）中 ST 和 PA 水平与抑郁症状之间的关联。参与者完成了抑郁症状快速清单，并自我报告了每周 ST（电视、电脑和手机使用）和 PA 水平（低、中、高）。线性回归按性别检查了 ST 模式、PA 水平和相关协变量与全样本中抑郁症状的关联，并在按 PA 水平分层的样本中进行了检查。卡方检验和单因素方差分析检查了 ST 时间、PA 水平和抑郁症状在性别之间的差异。取决于性别和 ST 模式，观察到了不同的关联。更高水平的电脑（β=0.106，p≤0.000）和手机使用（β=0.138，p≤0.000）与抑郁症状关联最强。PA 水平与抑郁症状呈负相关（β=-0.175，p≤0.000）。当按 PA 水平对样本进行分层时，只有男性和女性的手机使用与抑郁症状之间的关联受到 PA 水平的调节。这些发现强调了 ST、PA 和抑郁症状之间复杂的相互关系，并且关联可能因性别和 ST 模式而异。这可能对未来的干预措施产生影响。应同时考虑增加 PA 和减少 ST，同时考虑不同的媒体和性别。未来的研究应探索纵向和前瞻性关联。
