Kudo Shin'ichi, Miwa Yoshie, Furuta Hiroshige, Saigusa Shin
Institute of Radiation Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Association.
Health Phys. 2022 Sep 13;123(6):464-75. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001613.
Many epidemiological studies have been conducted to investigate the health effects of low-dose radiation. Most of these investigations have focused on cancer, and fewer studies have examined non-cancer topics than cancer subjects. The purpose of this study is to compare the relative risks of non-cancer mortality from low-dose radiation with lifestyle factors (such as smoking habits) and socioeconomic status (such as years of education). The cohort consisted of 43,692 males who responded to a lifestyle questionnaire survey conducted from 2003 to 2004 among nuclear workers in Japan. Missing questionnaire data were imputed by multiple imputation, each variable was categorized, and the relative risks for the reference group were calculated using Poisson regression. The total number of observed person-years was 300,000, and the mean age and dose were 55.2 y and 24.5 mSv (10-y lagged dose), respectively. For many of the causes of death in this analysis, significantly high risks existed for lifestyle differences, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, frequency of medical examination, breakfast intake, sleep, and BMI, but few for socioeconomic status. Radiation showed no significantly high risks. Taken together, the risk of non-cancer mortality from low-dose radiation is likely smaller than that from lifestyle factors.
已经开展了许多流行病学研究来调查低剂量辐射对健康的影响。这些调查大多聚焦于癌症，而研究非癌症主题的研究比研究癌症主题的要少。本研究的目的是比较低剂量辐射导致的非癌症死亡的相对风险与生活方式因素（如吸烟习惯）和社会经济地位（如受教育年限）。该队列由43692名男性组成，他们对2003年至2004年在日本核工作者中进行的一项生活方式问卷调查做出了回应。缺失的问卷数据通过多重填补法进行估算，对每个变量进行分类，并使用泊松回归计算参考组的相对风险。观察到的人年总数为300000，平均年龄和剂量分别为55.2岁和24.5毫希沃特（滞后10年的剂量）。在该分析中的许多死亡原因方面，生活方式差异（如吸烟、饮酒、体检频率、早餐摄入、睡眠和体重指数）存在显著高风险，但社会经济地位方面的风险较少。辐射未显示出显著高风险。总体而言，低剂量辐射导致的非癌症死亡风险可能小于生活方式因素导致的风险。
