Seidelman William
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Biocommun. 2021 Aug 15;45(1):E11. doi: 10.5210/jbc.v45i1.10852. eCollection 2021.
Despite the revelations of the Nuremberg Medical Trial and subsequent prosecutions, the reality is that, with particular respect to medicine and the role of leading academic and scientific institutions during the so-called "Third Reich," the postwar period war was marked by a "Great Silence." With few exceptions, this silence continued until the 1980's, when increasing systematic scholarly research and inadvertent discoveries revealed the significant role played by the German and Austrian medical profession during the Nazi period and the Shoah. The discoveries included body parts of victims of Nazi terror in the collections of university institutes of anatomy and scientific research. The Pernkopf Atlas of Human Anatomy represents a legacy from Nazi medicine. Although it includes images from Nazi victims, its accuracy makes it a valued resource in surgery. The Vienna Protocol is a new halachic responsum on the question of what to do with newly discovered remains from Nazi victims and their data, and can provide guidance in the ethical reasoning on whether to use the Pernkopf atlas.
尽管纽伦堡医学审判及后续起诉揭示了真相，但现实情况是，尤其在医学以及所谓“第三帝国”时期顶尖学术和科研机构所扮演的角色方面，战后时期存在着“巨大的沉默”。除了少数例外，这种沉默一直持续到20世纪80年代，当时越来越多系统的学术研究和意外发现揭示了德国和奥地利医学界在纳粹时期及大屠杀期间所扮演的重要角色。这些发现包括大学解剖学和科研机构收藏中的纳粹恐怖受害者的身体部位。《佩恩科夫人体解剖图谱》就是纳粹医学留下的遗产。尽管它包含纳粹受害者的图像，但其准确性使其成为外科手术中的宝贵资源。《维也纳议定书》是关于如何处理新发现的纳粹受害者遗体及其数据问题的一项新的犹太教法回应，可为关于是否使用《佩恩科夫图谱》的伦理推理提供指导。
