Carmo Paulo Henrique Fonseca do, Garcia Maíra Terra, Figueiredo-Godoi Lívia Mara Alves, Lage Anna Carolina Pinheiro, Silva Newton Soares da, Junqueira Juliana Campos
Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil.
Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jan 5;11(1):138. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11010138.
Candidiasis is an opportunistic mycosis with high annual incidence worldwide. In these infections, is the chief pathogen owing to its multiple virulence factors. infections are usually treated with azoles, polyenes and echinocandins. However, these antifungals may have limitations regarding toxicity, relapse of infections, high cost, and emergence of antifungal resistance. Thus, the development of nanocarrier systems, such as metal nanoparticles, has been widely investigated. Metal nanoparticles are particulate dispersions or solid particles 10-100 nm in size, with unique physical and chemical properties that make them useful in biomedical applications. In this review, we focus on the activity of silver, gold, and iron nanoparticles against . We discuss the use of metal nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for antifungal drugs or natural compounds to increase their biocompatibility and effectiveness. Promisingly, most of these nanoparticles exhibit potential antifungal activity through multi-target mechanisms in cells and biofilms, which can minimize the emergence of antifungal resistance. The cytotoxicity of metal nanoparticles is a concern, and adjustments in synthesis approaches or coating techniques have been addressed to overcome these limitations, with great emphasis on green synthesis.
念珠菌病是一种机会性真菌病，在全球范围内年发病率较高。在这些感染中，由于其多种毒力因子，[此处原文缺失病原体名称]是主要病原体。[此处原文缺失病原体名称]感染通常用唑类、多烯类和棘白菌素类药物治疗。然而，这些抗真菌药物在毒性、感染复发、高成本以及抗真菌耐药性出现方面可能存在局限性。因此，纳米载体系统的开发，如金属纳米颗粒，已得到广泛研究。金属纳米颗粒是尺寸为10 - 100纳米的颗粒分散体或固体颗粒，具有独特的物理和化学性质，使其在生物医学应用中有用。在本综述中，我们重点关注银、金和铁纳米颗粒对[此处原文缺失病原体名称]的活性。我们讨论了将金属纳米颗粒用作抗真菌药物或天然化合物的递送载体，以提高其生物相容性和有效性。有希望的是，大多数这些纳米颗粒通过多靶点机制在[此处原文缺失病原体名称]细胞和生物膜中表现出潜在的抗真菌活性，这可以最大限度地减少抗真菌耐药性的出现。金属纳米颗粒的细胞毒性是一个问题，并且已经探讨了合成方法或包被技术的调整以克服这些局限性，其中非常强调绿色合成。
