Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz, CIBERESP (CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública), IMDEA Alimentación, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2023 Jan 13;15(2):430. doi: 10.3390/nu15020430.
(1) Background: The increasing occurrence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is largely related to harmful food habits. Among them, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is noteworthy. However, to our knowledge, there are not enough high-quality methodological studies summarizing the association between the intake of SSBs and the MetS. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the existing published results on this association among adults by synthesizing the existing evidence. (2) Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies following the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant information was extracted and presented following the PRISMA recommendations. PubMed and SCOPUS databases were searched for studies published until June 2022 that assessed the association between SSB consumption (including soft drinks, bottled fruit juices, energy drinks, and milkshakes) and the occurrence of MetS. Random effect models were used to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% coefficient interval, and I was used to assess heterogeneity. (3) Results: A total of 14 publications from 6 different countries were included in this meta-analysis (9 cross-sectional and 5 cohort studies). For the cross-sectional studies, which included 62,693 adults, the pooled OR for the risk of MetS was 1.35 (95% CI 1.15, 1.58; I 57%) when the highest versus the lowest categories of SSB consumption were compared. For the cohort studies, which included 28,932 adults, the pooled OR was 1.18 (95% CI 1.06, 1.32; I 70%). (4) Conclusions: The consumption of SSBs was positively associated with an increased risk of MetS. The published literature supports public health strategies and the need to reduce the consumption of SSBs to prevent MetS.
(1) 背景：代谢综合征（MetS）的发生率不断增加，在很大程度上与不良的饮食习惯有关。其中，含糖饮料（SSB）的摄入值得关注。然而，据我们所知，目前还没有足够的高质量方法学研究来总结 SSB 摄入与 MetS 之间的关系。因此，本研究旨在通过综合现有证据，检验成人中 SSB 摄入与 MetS 之间关联的现有研究结果。(2) 方法：按照 PRISMA 指南对观察性研究进行系统评价和荟萃分析。根据 PRISMA 建议提取和呈现相关信息。检索截至 2022 年 6 月发表的评估 SSB 摄入（包括软饮料、瓶装果汁、能量饮料和奶昔）与 MetS 发生之间关联的研究的 PubMed 和 SCOPUS 数据库。使用随机效应模型估计汇总的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间，并使用 I 来评估异质性。(3) 结果：这项荟萃分析共纳入了来自 6 个不同国家的 14 项研究（9 项横断面研究和 5 项队列研究）。对于横断面研究，纳入了 62693 名成年人，最高与最低 SSB 摄入类别相比，MetS 风险的汇总 OR 为 1.35（95%CI 1.15，1.58；I 57%）。对于队列研究，纳入了 28932 名成年人，汇总 OR 为 1.18（95%CI 1.06，1.32；I 70%）。(4) 结论：SSB 的摄入与 MetS 风险的增加呈正相关。已发表的文献支持公共卫生策略，并需要减少 SSB 的摄入以预防 MetS。
