Yin Junling, Zhan Jingting, Hu Qingxia, Huang Shuhong, Lin Weiying
Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2023 Mar 20;52(6):2011-2030. doi: 10.1039/d2cs00454b.
Ferroptosis is a form of regulatory cell death distinct from caspase-dependent apoptosis and plays an important role in life entities. Since ferroptosis involves a variety of complex regulatory factors, the levels of certain biological species and microenvironments would change during this process. Thus, the investigation of the level fluctuation of key target analytes during ferroptosis is of great significance for disease treatment and drug design. Toward this aim, multiple organic fluorescent probes with simple preparation and non-destructive detection have been developed, and research over the past decade has uncovered a vast array of homeostasis and other physiological characteristics of ferroptosis. However, this significant and cutting-edge topic has not yet been reviewed. In this work, we aim to highlight the latest breakthrough results of fluorescent probes for monitoring various bio-related molecules and microenvironments during ferroptosis at the cellular, tissue and levels. Accordingly, this tutorial review has been organized according to the target molecules identified by the probes including ionic species, reactive sulfur species, reactive oxygen species, biomacromolecules, microenvironment, and others. In addition to providing new insights into the findings of each fluorescent probe in ferroptosis studies, we also discuss the defects and limitations of the probes developed, and highlight the potential challenges and further prospects in this domain. We anticipate that this review will convey profound implications for designing powerful fluorescent probes to decrypt changes in key molecules and microenvironments during ferroptosis.
铁死亡是一种不同于半胱天冬酶依赖性凋亡的调节性细胞死亡形式，在生命实体中发挥着重要作用。由于铁死亡涉及多种复杂的调节因子，在此过程中某些生物物种的水平和微环境会发生变化。因此，研究铁死亡过程中关键目标分析物的水平波动对疾病治疗和药物设计具有重要意义。为实现这一目标，人们开发了多种制备简单且检测无损的有机荧光探针，过去十年的研究揭示了铁死亡的大量稳态及其他生理特征。然而，这一重要且前沿的课题尚未得到综述。在这项工作中，我们旨在突出荧光探针在细胞、组织等水平监测铁死亡过程中各种生物相关分子和微环境的最新突破性成果。因此，本教程综述是根据探针所识别的目标分子进行组织的，包括离子物种、活性硫物种、活性氧物种、生物大分子、微环境等。除了为铁死亡研究中每种荧光探针的发现提供新见解外，我们还讨论了所开发探针的缺陷和局限性，并突出了该领域潜在的挑战和进一步的前景。我们预计这篇综述将为设计强大的荧光探针以解密铁死亡过程中关键分子和微环境的变化带来深刻启示。
