Han Li, Zhao Zhirong, He Chuanshi, Li Jiami, Li Xiangyu, Lu Man
Ultrasound Medical Center, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
The School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, 611731, Chengdu, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2023 Apr 1;14(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03288-6.
Although the clinical application and transformation of exosomes are still in the exploration stage, the prospects are promising and have a profound impact on the future transformation medicine of exosomes. However, due to the limitation of production and poor targeting ability of exosomes, the extensive and rich biological functions of exosomes are restricted, and the potential of clinical transformation is limited. The current research is committed to solving the above problems and expanding the clinical application value, but it lacks an extensive, multi-angle, and comprehensive systematic summary and prospect. Therefore, we reviewed the current optimization strategies of exosomes in medical applications, including the exogenous treatment of parent cells and the improvement of extraction methods, and compared their advantages and disadvantages. Subsequently, the targeting ability was improved by carrying drugs and engineering the structure of exosomes to solve the problem of poor targeting ability in clinical transformation. In addition, we discussed other problems that may exist in the application of exosomes. Although the clinical application and transformation of exosomes are still in the exploratory stage, the prospects are promising and have a profound impact on drug delivery, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and regenerative medicine.
尽管外泌体的临床应用和转化仍处于探索阶段，但其前景广阔，对外泌体未来的转化医学具有深远影响。然而，由于外泌体生产的局限性以及靶向能力较差，外泌体广泛而丰富的生物学功能受到限制，临床转化潜力有限。当前的研究致力于解决上述问题并扩大临床应用价值，但缺乏广泛、多角度且全面系统的总结与展望。因此，我们综述了外泌体在医学应用中的当前优化策略，包括亲代细胞的外源处理和提取方法的改进，并比较了它们的优缺点。随后，通过载药和对外泌体结构进行工程改造来提高靶向能力，以解决临床转化中靶向能力差的问题。此外，我们还讨论了外泌体应用中可能存在的其他问题。尽管外泌体的临床应用和转化仍处于探索阶段，但其前景广阔，对药物递送、临床诊断与治疗以及再生医学具有深远影响。
