Acharya Sourya, Kumar Sunil, Kabra Ruchita, Patel Mansi, Phate Neha, Talwar Dhruv, Daiya Varun
Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Jan 31;12:30. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_922_22. eCollection 2023.
The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, a membrane receptor present in the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal tracts, the heart, and the kidney is the entry point for SARS-CoV-2 to enter human cells. Concerns were raised about the influence of using antihypertensive drugs like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in individuals with COVID-19 due to its tight relationship with the ACE2 receptor. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of being on an Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) on mortality in patients consecutively diagnosed with COVID-19.
This is the retrospective observational study done in all patients consecutively diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 2021 to June 2021. All related patient information and clinical data was retrieved from the hospitals electronic medical record system.
In this study, out of 500 patients, 51 died, having mean age of 66.92 ± 10.85 years. 144 (28.8%) patients were on angiotensin receptor blockers as antihypertensive treatment, 142 (28.4%) having other antihypertensive and 214 (42.8%) were not on any treatment. Out of 51 Death 7 (4.9) patients were on ARBs, 15 ± 10.6 were on other medication [OR 2.31 (0.94-6.22, = 0.077) univariable; OR 2.57 (1.00-7.23, = 0.058) multivariable] and 29 ± 13.6 had no treatment at all [OR 3.07 (1.38-7.80, = 0.010) univariable; OR 3.36 (1.41-9.08, = 0.010) multivariable].
Use of ARB medications for the hypertensive patients who acquire COVID-19 infection has shown protective effects of such medications on COVID-19 disease severity in the term of mortality and the mortality rate among hypertensive patients on COVID-19 with ARBs/ACE inhibitors showed significant differences as compared to other antihypertensives.
血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）受体是一种存在于呼吸系统、胃肠道、心脏和肾脏的膜受体，是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）进入人体细胞的切入点。由于血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEIs）或血管紧张素受体阻滞剂（ARBs）等降压药物与ACE2受体关系密切，因此人们对其在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者中的使用影响表示担忧。本研究的目的是调查使用血管紧张素受体阻滞剂（ARB）对连续诊断为COVID-19的患者死亡率的影响。
这是一项对2021年1月至2021年6月连续诊断为COVID-19的所有患者进行的回顾性观察研究。所有相关患者信息和临床数据均从医院电子病历系统中获取。
在本研究中，500例患者中有51例死亡，平均年龄为66.92±10.85岁。144例（28.8%）患者使用血管紧张素受体阻滞剂作为降压治疗，142例（28.4%）使用其他降压药，214例（42.8%）未接受任何治疗。在51例死亡患者中，7例（4.9%）使用ARB，15±10.6例使用其他药物[单变量分析：比值比（OR）为2.31（0.94 - 6.22，P = 0.077）；多变量分析：OR为2.57（1.00 - 7.23，P = 0.058）]，29±13.6例未接受任何治疗[单变量分析：OR为3.07（1.38 - 7.80，P = 0.010）；多变量分析：OR为3.36（1.41 - 9.08，P = 0.010）]。
对于感染COVID-19的高血压患者，使用ARB药物在死亡率方面显示出对COVID-19疾病严重程度的保护作用，与其他降压药相比，使用ARB/ACE抑制剂的COVID-19高血压患者的死亡率存在显著差异。
