Xiaorui Li, Fuyin Zheng, Xudong Wang, Xuezheng Geng, Shudong Zhao, Hui Liu, Dandan Dou, Yubing Leng, Lizhen Wang, Yubo Fan
Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
Int J Bioprint. 2022 Dec 9;9(2):649. doi: 10.18063/ijb.v9i2.649. eCollection 2023.
Three-dimensional (3D) extrusion-based bioprinting is the most widely used bioprinting technology to fabricate bionic tissue or organ constructs by combining biomaterial ink and living cells for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. One critical issue of this technique is the selection of suitable biomaterial ink to simulate extracellular matrix (ECM) that provides mechanical support for cells and regulates their physiological activities. Previous studies have demonstrated that it is an enormous challenge to form and maintain reproducible 3D constructs and eventually achieve the balance among biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and printability. This review highlights the properties of extrusion-based biomaterial inks and recent developments as well as details various biomaterial inks classified by their function. Key approaches related to their modification methods according to the functional requirements are also discussed, along with the selection strategies by varying extrusion paths and methods in extrusion-based bioprinting. This systematical review will assist researchers in identifying the most suitable extrusion-based biomaterial inks based on their requirements, as well as in elaborating current challenges and prospects of extrudable biomaterial inks in the field of bioprinting of in vitro tissue models.
基于三维（3D）挤压的生物打印是应用最广泛的生物打印技术，通过将生物材料墨水与活细胞相结合来制造用于组织工程和再生医学的仿生组织或器官构建体。该技术的一个关键问题是选择合适的生物材料墨水来模拟细胞外基质（ECM），细胞外基质为细胞提供机械支持并调节其生理活动。先前的研究表明，形成并维持可重复的3D构建体并最终在生物相容性、机械性能和可打印性之间实现平衡是一项巨大的挑战。本文综述重点介绍了基于挤压的生物材料墨水的特性和最新进展，并详细介绍了按功能分类的各种生物材料墨水。还讨论了根据功能要求对其进行改性的关键方法，以及在基于挤压的生物打印中通过改变挤压路径和方法的选择策略。这篇系统综述将帮助研究人员根据自身需求确定最合适的基于挤压的生物材料墨水，并阐述可挤压生物材料墨水在体外组织模型生物打印领域当前面临的挑战和前景。
