Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Int J Surg. 2023 Mar 1;109(3):419-428. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000212.
Benchmarking, a novel measuring tool for outcome comparisons, is a recent concept in surgery. The objectives of this review are to examine the concept, definition, and evolution of benchmarking and its application in surgery.
The literature about benchmarking was reviewed through an ever-narrowing search strategy, commencing from the concept, definition, and evolution of benchmarking to the application of benchmarking and experiences of benchmarking in surgery. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct databases were searched until 20 September 2022, in the English language according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.
In the first phase of the literature search, the development of benchmarking was identified. The definitions of benchmarking evolved from a surveying term to a novel quality-improvement tool to assess the best achievable results in surgery. In the second phase, a total of 23 studies were identified about benchmarking in surgery, including esophagectomy, hepatic surgery, pancreatic surgery, rectum resection, and bariatric surgery. All studies were multicenter analyses from national, international, or global expert centers. Most studies (87.0%) adopted the definition that benchmark was the 75th percentile of the median values of centers. Performance metrics to define benchmarks were clinically relevant intraoperative and postoperative outcome indicators.
Benchmarking in surgery is a novel quality-improvement tool to define and measure the best achievable results, establishing a meaningful reference to evaluate surgical performance.
基准测试是一种用于比较结果的新的衡量工具，是最近在外科领域出现的概念。本文旨在探讨基准测试的概念、定义和演变，及其在外科领域的应用。
通过不断缩小搜索策略，对基准测试的文献进行了回顾，从基准测试的概念、定义和演变，到基准测试的应用以及在外科领域的应用经验进行了综述。根据 PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南，以英文检索了 PubMed、Web of Science、Embase 和 Science Direct 数据库，检索时间截至 2022 年 9 月 20 日。
在文献检索的第一阶段，确定了基准测试的发展过程。基准测试的定义从调查术语演变为一种新的质量改进工具，用于评估外科手术中可达到的最佳结果。在第二阶段，共确定了 23 项关于外科基准测试的研究，包括食管切除术、肝脏手术、胰腺手术、直肠切除术和减重手术。所有研究均为来自国家、国际或全球专家中心的多中心分析。大多数研究（87.0%）采用的基准定义是中心中位数的 75%分位数。定义基准的绩效指标是临床相关的围手术期和术后结局指标。
外科领域的基准测试是一种用于定义和衡量最佳可实现结果的新的质量改进工具，为评估外科手术表现建立了有意义的参考标准。
