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篮球技术及基于比赛的训练练习的平均和峰值外部负荷强度的生态学调查。

An ecological investigation of average and peak external load intensities of basketball skills and game-based training drills.

作者信息

Sansone Pierpaolo, Gasperi Lorenzo, Makivic Bojan, Gomez-Ruano Miguel Angel, Tessitore Antonio, Conte Daniele

机构信息

Faculty of Sport Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.

UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.

出版信息

Biol Sport. 2023 Jul;40(3):649-656. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.119291. Epub 2022 Sep 15.

Abstract

This study quantified average and peak external intensities of various basketball training drills. Thirteen youth male basketball players (age: 15.2 ± 0.3 years) were monitored (BioHarness-3 devices) to obtain average and peak external load per minute (EL · min; peak EL · min) during team-based training sessions. Researchers coded the training sessions by analysing the drill type (skills, 1vs1, 2vs2, 3vs0, 3vs3, 4vs0, 4vs4, 5vs5, 5vs5-scrimmage), court area per player, player's involvement in the drill (in percentage), playing positions (backcourt; frontcourt) and competition rotation status (starter; rotation; bench). Separate linear mixed models were run to assess the influence of training and individual constraints on average and peak EL · min. Drill type influenced average and peak EL · min (p < 0.05), but with different directions of effects. EL · min was higher in skills and 4vs0 drills, while higher peak EL · min values were obtained in 5vs5 and 5vs5-scrimmage. Similarly, EL · min was higher when involvement % increased (p = 0.001), while there was an opposite trend for peak EL · min (lower with higher involvement %). Court area per player influenced peak (p = 0.025) but not average demands. No effects were found for playing position or competition rotation status (all p > 0.05), except for a moderately higher EL · min in starters compared to bench players. The external load intensities of basketball training drills substantially vary depending on the load indicator chosen, the training content, and task and individual constraints. Practitioners should not interchangeably use average and peak external intensity indicators to design training but considering them as separate constructs could help to gain a better understanding of basketball training and competition demands.

摘要

本研究对各种篮球训练练习的平均和峰值外部强度进行了量化。对13名青年男性篮球运动员(年龄:15.2±0.3岁)进行了监测(使用BioHarness-3设备),以获取团队训练期间每分钟的平均和峰值外部负荷(EL·min;峰值EL·min)。研究人员通过分析训练类型(技能、1对1、2对2、3对0、3对3、4对0、4对4、5对5、5对5全场对抗)、每名球员的场地面积、球员参与训练的比例、比赛位置(后场;前场)以及比赛轮换状态(首发;轮换;替补)对训练课程进行编码。运行单独的线性混合模型来评估训练和个体因素对平均和峰值EL·min的影响。训练类型影响平均和峰值EL·min(p<0.05),但影响方向不同。技能训练和4对0训练中的EL·min较高,而5对5和5对5全场对抗中获得的峰值EL·min值较高。同样,当参与比例增加时,EL·min较高(p = 0.001),而峰值EL·min则呈相反趋势(参与比例越高越低)。每名球员的场地面积影响峰值(p = 0.025),但不影响平均需求。比赛位置或比赛轮换状态没有影响(所有p>0.05),除了首发球员的EL·min略高于替补球员。篮球训练练习的外部负荷强度根据所选的负荷指标、训练内容、任务和个体因素有很大差异。从业者在设计训练时不应互换使用平均和峰值外部强度指标,但将它们视为独立的概念有助于更好地理解篮球训练和比赛需求。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/439f/10286615/3191757725a9/JBS-40-119291-g001.jpg

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