Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 11;24(14):11330. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411330.
MicroRNAs are short, single-stranded ribonucleic acids expressed endogenously in the body to regulate gene expression at the post-translational level, with exogenous microRNA offering an attractive approach to therapy. Among the myriad microRNA candidates involved in controlling bone homeostasis and remodeling, () is the most abundant. This paper discusses the studies conducted on the role and mechanism of human () in the regulation of bones and the various pathways mediated by , and explores the feasibility of employing exogenous as a strategy for promoting osteogenesis. From the literature review, it was clear that plays a dual role in bone metabolism by regulating both bone formation and bone resorption. There is substantial evidence to date from both in vitro and in vivo studies that exogenous can successfully accelerate new bone synthesis in the context of bone loss due to injury or osteoporosis. This supports the exploration of applications of exogenous in bone regenerative therapy in the future.
微小 RNA 是内源性表达的短链单链核糖核酸，可在翻译后水平调节基因表达，外源性微小 RNA 为治疗提供了一种有吸引力的方法。在无数参与控制骨稳态和重塑的微小 RNA 候选物中，miR-21 是最丰富的。本文讨论了人类 miR-21 在骨骼调节中的作用和机制的研究，以及 miR-21 介导的各种途径，并探讨了将外源性 miR-21 作为促进成骨的策略的可行性。从文献综述中可以清楚地看出，miR-21 通过调节骨形成和骨吸收在骨代谢中发挥双重作用。目前，无论是在体外还是在体内研究中，都有大量证据表明，外源性 miR-21 可以成功地加速因损伤或骨质疏松导致的骨丢失情况下的新骨合成。这支持了未来在骨再生治疗中探索外源性 miR-21 的应用。
