Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2023 Jul 27;18:4229-4251. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S410668. eCollection 2023.
Nickel oxide nanoparticles have gained tremendous attention recently in a variety of scientific domains thanks to their characteristic chemical, physical, optical, and biological properties. Due to the diversity of applications in various fields, different physicochemical methods have been used to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles. However, most conventional methods use hazardous chemicals during synthesis and become liable for potential health risks, while others are expensive and require a lot of energy to synthesize nanoparticles. As a result, the nanoparticles become less biocompatible and biologically inefficient. Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles is currently proposed as a valuable alternative to the physical and chemical methods, as it is a simple, non-toxic, cheap, green and facile approach. This synthetic method uses biological substrates such as plant extracts, microorganisms, and other biological products to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles. The various phytochemicals from plant extracts, enzymes or proteins from microorganisms, and other biological derivatives play as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents to provide bioactive and biocompatible nickel oxide nanoscale material. This review discusses current findings and trends in the biogenic synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles and their biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antileishmanial, and anticancer, with an emphasis on antimicrobial and anticancer activity along with their mechanistic elucidation. Overall, this thorough study provides insight into the possibilities for the future development of green nickel oxide nanoparticles as therapeutic agents for a variety of ailments.
氧化镍纳米粒子由于其独特的化学、物理、光学和生物学特性，在最近的各种科学领域中引起了广泛的关注。由于在不同领域的应用多样性，已经使用了不同的物理化学方法来合成氧化镍纳米粒子。然而，大多数常规方法在合成过程中使用危险化学品，容易带来潜在的健康风险，而其他方法则昂贵且需要大量能源来合成纳米粒子。因此，纳米粒子的生物相容性和生物效率降低。目前，生物合成纳米粒子被提议作为物理和化学方法的一种有价值的替代方法，因为它是一种简单、无毒、廉价、绿色和简便的方法。这种合成方法使用生物底物，如植物提取物、微生物和其他生物产品，来合成氧化镍纳米粒子。植物提取物中的各种植物化学物质、微生物中的酶或蛋白质以及其他生物衍生产品充当还原剂、稳定剂和封端剂，提供具有生物活性和生物相容性的氧化镍纳米级材料。本文综述了生物合成氧化镍纳米粒子及其生物学活性（如抗菌、抗真菌、抗利什曼原虫和抗癌）的最新发现和趋势，重点介绍了抗菌和抗癌活性及其机制阐明。总的来说，这项全面的研究深入了解了绿色氧化镍纳米粒子作为治疗各种疾病的治疗剂的未来发展可能性。
