State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Oct 6;21(1):366. doi: 10.1186/s12951-023-02127-3.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane nanoarchitectures generated by cells that carry a variety of biomolecules, including DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolites. These characteristics make them attractive as circulating bioinformatic nanocabinets for liquid biopsy. Recent advances on EV biology and biogenesis demonstrate that EVs serve as highly important cellular surrogates involved in a wide range of diseases, opening up new frontiers for modern diagnostics. However, inefficient methods for EV enrichment, as well as low sensitivity of EV bioinformatic decoding technologies, hinder the use of EV nanocabinet for clinical diagnosis. To overcome these challenges, new EV nanotechnology is being actively developed to promote the clinical translation of EV diagnostics. This article aims to present the emerging enrichment strategies and bioinformatic decoding platforms for EV analysis, and their applications as bioinformatic nanomaterials in clinical settings.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 是由细胞产生的膜纳米结构，携带多种生物分子，包括 DNA、RNA、蛋白质和代谢物。这些特性使它们成为具有吸引力的循环生物信息纳米舱，用于液体活检。EV 生物学和生物发生的最新进展表明，EVs 作为涉及多种疾病的重要细胞替代物，为现代诊断开辟了新的前沿。然而，EV 富集方法效率低下，以及 EV 生物信息解码技术的灵敏度低，阻碍了 EV 纳米舱在临床诊断中的应用。为了克服这些挑战，正在积极开发新的 EV 纳米技术，以促进 EV 诊断的临床转化。本文旨在介绍 EV 分析的新兴富集策略和生物信息解码平台，以及它们作为临床环境中的生物信息纳米材料的应用。
