Robins-Brown R M, Gaspar M N, Ward J I, Wachsmuth I K, Koornhof H J, Jacobs M R, Thornsberry C
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1979 Mar;15(3):470-4. doi: 10.1128/AAC.15.3.470.
Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to penicillin have been reported from several countries around the world. Many South African isolates, in addition, exhibit resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, clindamycin, and cotrimoxazole in varying patterns. A qualitative test of the ability of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci to inactivate penicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, minocycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, and cotrimoxazole revealed that only chloramphenicol was degraded. This finding was confirmed in a quantitative test in which the residual antimicrobial activity of broth containing chloramphenicol in subinhibitory concentrations was determined after incubation with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Chloramphenicol resistance was shown to be associated with the production of inducible chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. No beta-lactamase activity was demonstrated. Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid was not demonstrable in partially purified lysates of antibiotic-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae.
世界上多个国家均报告了对青霉素耐药的肺炎链球菌菌株。此外，许多南非分离株对四环素、氯霉素、红霉素、克林霉素和复方新诺明呈现出不同模式的耐药性。一项关于耐抗生素肺炎球菌使青霉素、苯唑西林、头孢噻吩、头孢西丁、氯霉素、四环素、米诺环素、红霉素、克林霉素、链霉素、庆大霉素和复方新诺明失活能力的定性试验表明，只有氯霉素被降解。在一项定量试验中证实了这一发现，该试验测定了含有亚抑制浓度氯霉素的肉汤在与耐抗生素细菌孵育后的残留抗菌活性。氯霉素耐药性与诱导型氯霉素乙酰转移酶的产生有关。未检测到β-内酰胺酶活性。在肺炎链球菌耐抗生素菌株的部分纯化裂解物中未检测到质粒脱氧核糖核酸。
