Incognito Giosuè Giordano, Distefano Rosario Emanuele Carlo, Campo Giorgia, Gulino Ferdinando Antonio, Gulisano Chiara, Gullotta Chiara, Gullo Giuseppe, Cucinella Gaspare, Tuscano Attilio, Bruno Maria Teresa, Palumbo Marco
Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adults and Developmental Age, University Hospital "G. Martino", 98100 Messina, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2023 Oct 1;12(19):6329. doi: 10.3390/jcm12196329.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on maternal and neonatal outcomes during pregnancy is still poorly understood, and the emergence of different variants has further complicated our understanding of the virus's effects. This retrospective, monocentric study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing the outcomes of pregnant women with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants. The study, conducted between December 2020 and March 2022 at San Marco Hospital, included 313 pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that the Delta variant was associated with a significantly higher incidence of adverse outcomes, such as premature births, maternal intensive care unit admission, intrauterine growth restriction, and small for gestational age infants. Additionally, the Delta variant was linked to lower Apgar scores, higher maternal and fetal mortality rates, and increased levels of various biomarkers indicating more severe illness. Finally, the Delta variant also presented a greater possibility of vertical transmission. These findings underscore the complexity of understanding the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy outcomes, especially considering the distinctive characteristics of different variants. By better understanding the specific impacts of each variant, appropriate preventive measures and management strategies can be implemented to optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）变异株对孕期母婴结局的影响仍知之甚少，不同变异株的出现使我们对该病毒影响的理解更加复杂。这项回顾性单中心研究旨在通过分析感染阿尔法、德尔塔和奥密克戎变异株导致急性SARS-CoV-2感染的孕妇结局来填补这一知识空白。该研究于2020年12月至2022年3月在圣马可医院进行，纳入了313例确诊SARS-CoV-2感染的孕妇。结果显示，德尔塔变异株与不良结局的发生率显著升高相关，如早产、产妇入住重症监护病房、胎儿生长受限和小于胎龄儿。此外，德尔塔变异株还与较低的阿氏评分、较高的母婴死亡率以及表明病情更严重的各种生物标志物水平升高有关。最后，德尔塔变异株还呈现出更高的垂直传播可能性。这些发现凸显了理解SARS-CoV-2对妊娠结局影响的复杂性，尤其是考虑到不同变异株的独特特征。通过更好地了解每种变异株的具体影响，可以实施适当的预防措施和管理策略，以优化母婴结局。
