Dantas Leticia Ramos, Ortis Gabriel Burato, Suss Paula Hansen, Tuon Felipe Francisco
Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Paraná, Brazil.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Aug 10;13(8):605. doi: 10.3390/biology13080605.
Reconstructive and regenerative medicine are critical disciplines dedicated to restoring tissues and organs affected by injury, disease, or congenital anomalies. These fields rely on biomaterials like synthetic polymers, metals, ceramics, and biological tissues to create substitutes that integrate seamlessly with the body. Personalized implants and prosthetics, designed using advanced imaging and computer-assisted techniques, ensure optimal functionality and fit. Regenerative medicine focuses on stimulating natural healing mechanisms through cellular therapies and biomaterial scaffolds, enhancing tissue regeneration. In bone repair, addressing defects requires advanced solutions such as bone grafts, essential in medical and dental practices worldwide. Bovine bone scaffolds offer advantages over autogenous grafts, reducing surgical risks and costs. Incorporating antimicrobial properties into bone substitutes, particularly with metals like zinc, copper, and silver, shows promise in preventing infections associated with graft procedures. Silver nanoparticles exhibit robust antimicrobial efficacy, while zinc nanoparticles aid in infection prevention and support bone healing; 3D printing technology facilitates the production of customized implants and scaffolds, revolutionizing treatment approaches across medical disciplines. In this review, we discuss the primary biomaterials and their association with antimicrobial agents.
重建和再生医学是致力于修复受损伤、疾病或先天性异常影响的组织和器官的关键学科。这些领域依靠合成聚合物、金属、陶瓷和生物组织等生物材料来制造能够与身体无缝整合的替代品。使用先进成像和计算机辅助技术设计的个性化植入物和假肢，可确保最佳功能和贴合度。再生医学专注于通过细胞疗法和生物材料支架刺激自然愈合机制，促进组织再生。在骨修复中，解决骨缺损需要先进的解决方案，如骨移植，这在全球医疗和牙科实践中至关重要。牛骨支架比自体移植物具有优势，可降低手术风险和成本。将抗菌性能融入骨替代物中，特别是使用锌、铜和银等金属，在预防与移植手术相关的感染方面显示出前景。银纳米颗粒具有强大的抗菌功效，而锌纳米颗粒有助于预防感染并支持骨愈合；3D打印技术促进了定制植入物和支架的生产，彻底改变了各个医学学科的治疗方法。在本综述中，我们讨论了主要的生物材料及其与抗菌剂的关联。
