Tappa Karthik, Jammalamadaka Udayabhanu
Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
J Funct Biomater. 2018 Feb 7;9(1):17. doi: 10.3390/jfb9010017.
The success of an implant depends on the type of biomaterial used for its fabrication. An ideal implant material should be biocompatible, inert, mechanically durable, and easily moldable. The ability to build patient specific implants incorporated with bioactive drugs, cells, and proteins has made 3D printing technology revolutionary in medical and pharmaceutical fields. A vast variety of biomaterials are currently being used in medical 3D printing, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. With continuous research and progress in biomaterials used in 3D printing, there has been a rapid growth in applications of 3D printing in manufacturing customized implants, prostheses, drug delivery devices, and 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The current review focuses on the novel biomaterials used in variety of 3D printing technologies for clinical applications. Most common types of medical 3D printing technologies, including fused deposition modeling, extrusion based bioprinting, inkjet, and polyjet printing techniques, their clinical applications, different types of biomaterials currently used by researchers, and key limitations are discussed in detail.
植入物的成功取决于用于制造它的生物材料类型。理想的植入材料应具有生物相容性、惰性、机械耐久性且易于塑形。能够制造结合了生物活性药物、细胞和蛋白质的患者特异性植入物，使得3D打印技术在医学和制药领域具有革命性意义。目前，各种各样的生物材料被用于医学3D打印，包括金属、陶瓷、聚合物和复合材料。随着3D打印中使用的生物材料的不断研究和进步，3D打印在制造定制植入物、假体、药物递送装置以及用于组织工程和再生医学的3D支架方面的应用迅速增长。当前的综述聚焦于用于各种临床应用的3D打印技术的新型生物材料。详细讨论了最常见的医学3D打印技术类型，包括熔融沉积建模、基于挤出的生物打印、喷墨和多喷射打印技术、它们的临床应用、研究人员目前使用的不同类型生物材料以及关键局限性。
