Kuroda S, Uno J, Arai T
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1978 Mar;13(3):454-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.13.3.454.
Copiamycin, an antifungal antibiotic, exhibits antimicrobial activity against a few bacteria in addition to a wide variety of fungi. The methanol extract of Sarcina lutea, one of the most susceptible bacteria, was found to reverse the antimicrobial activity of copiamycin. The reversing activity was associated with the phospholipid fraction of the bacteria. The S. lutea phospholipids also reversed the activities of azalomycin F and miconazole, but not that of clotrimazole. The effects of authentic phospholipids and fatty acids were also investigated. As the antimicrobial activities of copiamycin and azalomycin F were most strongly reversed in the same manner by phospholipids with unsaturated fatty acids and basic hydrophilic groups, the sites on the cell membrane sensitive to both antibiotics are assumed to be identical. On the other hand, the activity of miconazole was affected by different phospholipids from those which affected these two antifungal antibiotics, and the activity of clotrimazole was not affected by any of the phospholipids and fatty acids. It was postulated that the sites on the cell membrane sensitive to miconazole and clotrimazole are different from those sensitive to copiamycin and azalomycin F.
可匹霉素是一种抗真菌抗生素，除了对多种真菌有抗菌活性外，还对一些细菌有抗菌作用。藤黄八叠球菌是最敏感的细菌之一，其甲醇提取物被发现可逆转可匹霉素的抗菌活性。这种逆转活性与该细菌的磷脂部分有关。藤黄八叠球菌的磷脂也能逆转阿扎霉素F和咪康唑的活性，但不能逆转克霉唑的活性。还研究了纯磷脂和脂肪酸的作用。由于可匹霉素和阿扎霉素F的抗菌活性以相同方式被具有不饱和脂肪酸和碱性亲水基团的磷脂最强烈地逆转，因此推测这两种抗生素在细胞膜上的敏感位点是相同的。另一方面，咪康唑的活性受到与影响这两种抗真菌抗生素的磷脂不同的磷脂的影响，而克霉唑的活性不受任何磷脂和脂肪酸的影响。据推测，细胞膜上对咪康唑和克霉唑敏感的位点与对可匹霉素和阿扎霉素F敏感的位点不同。
