Sutton S R, Russell M A, Iyer R, Feyerabend C, Saloojee Y
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1982;285(6342):600-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.285.6342.600.
The relationship between cigarette yields (of nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide), puffing patterns, and smoke intake was studied by determining puffing patterns and measuring blood concentrations of nicotine and carboxy-haemoglobin (COHb) in a sample of 55 smokers smoking their usual brand of cigarette. Regression analyses showed that the total volume of smoke puffed from a cigarette was a more important determinant of peak blood nicotine concentration than the nicotine or tar yield of the cigarette, its length, or the reported number of cigarettes smoked on the test day. There was evidence of compensation for a lower tar yield over and above any compensation for nicotine. When nicotine yield was controlled for, smokers of lower-tar cigarettes not only puffed more smoke from their cigarettes than smokers of higher-tar cigarettes but they also had higher plasma nicotine concentrations, suggesting that they were compensating for the reduced delivery of tar by puffing and inhaling a greater volume of smoke. The results based on the COHb concentrations were consistent with this interpretation. If an adequate intake of tar proves to be one of the main motives for smoking, then developing a cigarette that is acceptable to smokers and also less harmful to their health will be much more difficult.
通过测定55名吸各自常用品牌香烟的吸烟者的抽吸模式，并测量他们血液中尼古丁和碳氧血红蛋白（COHb）的浓度，研究了香烟产量（尼古丁、焦油和一氧化碳）、抽吸模式与烟雾摄入量之间的关系。回归分析表明，从香烟中抽吸的烟雾总体积比香烟的尼古丁或焦油产量、长度或测试当天报告的吸烟支数，更能决定血液中尼古丁的峰值浓度。有证据表明，除了对尼古丁的任何补偿外，还存在对较低焦油产量的补偿。当控制尼古丁产量时，低焦油香烟的吸烟者不仅比高焦油香烟的吸烟者从香烟中抽吸更多的烟雾，而且他们的血浆尼古丁浓度也更高，这表明他们通过抽吸和吸入更多体积的烟雾来补偿焦油输送量的减少。基于COHb浓度的结果与这一解释一致。如果充足的焦油摄入量被证明是吸烟的主要动机之一，那么开发一种吸烟者可以接受且对健康危害较小的香烟将更加困难。
