Ebright J R, Fekety R, Silva J, Wilson K H
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981 Jun;19(6):980-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.19.6.980.
Eight commonly used cephalosporins were evaluated in the hamster colitis mode. They were all found to cause hemorrhagic cecitis and death within 10 days of being given as subcutaneous or oral challenges. Necropsy findings were indistinguishable from clindamycin-induced cecitis. Bacteria-free cecal filtrate obtained from hamsters dying of cephalosporin-induced cecitis contained toxin similar or identical to hat produced by Clostridium difficile isolated from the cecum of a hamster. Daily oral administration of poorly absorbed cephalosporins protected hamsters from clindamycin-induced cecitis and death as long as the cephalosporins were continued. The absorbable cephalosporins were ineffective in protecting hamsters from clindamycin-induced cecitis. This difference probably relates to the lower concentrations of absorbable cephalosporins maintained in the ceca of the hamsters. The possible correlation of these findings to human cases of cephalosporin-induced pseudomembranous colitis is discussed.
在仓鼠结肠炎模型中对八种常用头孢菌素进行了评估。皮下或口服给予这些头孢菌素后，均发现它们会在10天内导致出血性盲肠炎和死亡。尸检结果与克林霉素诱导的盲肠炎无法区分。从死于头孢菌素诱导的盲肠炎的仓鼠获得的无菌盲肠滤液中所含毒素与从仓鼠盲肠分离出的艰难梭菌产生的毒素相似或相同。只要持续给予吸收不良的头孢菌素，每日口服可保护仓鼠免受克林霉素诱导的盲肠炎和死亡。可吸收的头孢菌素在保护仓鼠免受克林霉素诱导的盲肠炎方面无效。这种差异可能与仓鼠盲肠中维持的可吸收头孢菌素浓度较低有关。讨论了这些发现与人类头孢菌素诱导的伪膜性结肠炎病例的可能相关性。
