香烟、肺癌与冠心病：吸入及焦油含量的影响
Cigarettes, lung cancer, and coronary heart disease: the effects of inhalation and tar yield.
作者信息
Higenbottam T, Shipley M J, Rose G
出版信息
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1982 Jun;36(2):113-7. doi: 10.1136/jech.36.2.113.
Abstract
Ten-year mortality rates for lung cancer and coronary heart disease have been related to cigarette smoking habits in 17 475 male civil servants aged 40-64 and in sample of 8089 male British residents aged 35-69. Both diseases were more frequent in smokers. Lung cancer rates were higher overall for "non-inhalers", particularly in heavy smokers. Tar yield correlated with the risk of lung cancer in non-inhalers but less so in inhalers. Conversely, coronary deaths were more common among inhalers, and the effect of tar/nicotine yield (such as it was) was confined to inhalers. It appears that there are subtle interactions between the amount smoked, the tar/nicotine yield of the cigarette, and the style of smoking. Thus the effects of a change in cigarette characteristics are hard to predict, and they may be different for respiratory and cardiovascular disease.
摘要
在17475名年龄在40至64岁的男性公务员以及8089名年龄在35至69岁的英国男性居民样本中，肺癌和冠心病的十年死亡率与吸烟习惯有关。这两种疾病在吸烟者中更为常见。总体而言，“非吸入式吸烟者”的肺癌发病率更高，尤其是重度吸烟者。焦油含量与非吸入式吸烟者患肺癌的风险相关，但与吸入式吸烟者的相关性较小。相反，冠心病死亡在吸入式吸烟者中更为常见，焦油/尼古丁含量（如有的话）的影响仅限于吸入式吸烟者。看来，吸烟量、香烟的焦油/尼古丁含量和吸烟方式之间存在微妙的相互作用。因此，香烟特性变化的影响很难预测，而且对呼吸道疾病和心血管疾病的影响可能不同。
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