Borland C, Chamberlain A, Higenbottam T, Shipley M, Rose G
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1983 Nov 26;287(6405):1583-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.287.6405.1583.
Estimates of the carbon monoxide yield of their cigarettes have been obtained for 4910 smokers (68% of all smokers) in the Whitehall study of men aged 40 to 64. In the 10 years after examination 635 men died. When men smoking cigarettes with high carbon monoxide yield were compared with those smoking cigarettes with a low yield, and after adjusting for age, employment grade, amount smoked, and tar yield, the risk of death was 32% lower for coronary heart disease, 49% higher for lung cancer, and 10% lower for total mortality; these differences were not statistically significant. Among men who said that they inhaled the risk of fatal coronary heart disease was 51% lower in the high carbon monoxide group (p less than 0.01), while the risk of lung cancer was 75% higher. These results provide no evidence that a smoker can reduce his risk of death by smoking a brand with a low carbon monoxide yield; he might even increase it. The complex interactions between characteristics of the smoker, smoking behaviour, constituents of tobacco smoke, and health are again demonstrated.
在对40至64岁男性进行的白厅研究中，已获取了4910名吸烟者（占所有吸烟者的68%）所吸香烟的一氧化碳产量估计值。在接受检查后的10年里，有635名男性死亡。将吸一氧化碳产量高的香烟的男性与吸一氧化碳产量低的香烟的男性进行比较，并在对年龄、职业等级、吸烟量和焦油产量进行调整后，冠心病死亡风险低32%，肺癌死亡风险高49%，总死亡率低10%；这些差异无统计学意义。在表示会吸入的男性中，一氧化碳产量高的组致命冠心病风险低51%（p小于0.01），而肺癌风险高75%。这些结果没有提供证据表明吸烟者吸一氧化碳产量低的品牌香烟就能降低死亡风险；他甚至可能会增加风险。吸烟者特征、吸烟行为、烟草烟雾成分与健康之间复杂的相互作用再次得到证明。
