Nielsen S S, Theologides A, Vickers Z M
Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Nov;33(11):2253-61. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/33.11.2253.
One hundred thirty-three patients with cancer and 50 healthy controls judged the pleasantness of 10 common food odors and completed questionnaires on food likes or dislikes, recent smell or taste changes, development of food aversions, weight loss, decreased appetite, and early satiety. Chocolate, pork, roast beef, and chicken odors were significantly less pleasant for patients with food aversions (PA) than for controls. Ham, pork, and roast beef odors were significantly less pleasant for PA than for patients without food aversions (PNA). More PA than controls or PNA reported recent smell and taste changes for most of the 10 foods in the sample set. Roast beef was the only food on the questionnaire rated significantly less pleasant by PA than controls or PNA. There were no significant correlations between the odor hedonic scores and the questionnaire's hedonic scores for any of the 10 foods. More PA than PNA had weight loss, decreased appetite, and early satiety. Patients on chemotherapy did not have a significantly greater incidence of aversions, weight loss, decreased appetite, or early satiety than patients not receiving chemotherapy. The type of cancer appeared to have no relation to the development of food aversions.
133名癌症患者和50名健康对照者对10种常见食物气味的愉悦程度进行了评判，并完成了关于食物喜好或厌恶、近期嗅觉或味觉变化、食物厌恶的发展、体重减轻、食欲下降和早饱的问卷调查。对于有食物厌恶（PA）的患者，巧克力、猪肉、烤牛肉和鸡肉的气味明显不如对照者愉悦。对于PA患者，火腿、猪肉和烤牛肉的气味明显不如无食物厌恶（PNA）的患者愉悦。在样本集中的10种食物中，大多数食物的近期嗅觉和味觉变化方面，报告有变化的PA患者比对照者或PNA患者更多。烤牛肉是问卷中唯一一种PA患者评分明显低于对照者或PNA患者的愉悦程度的食物。10种食物中的任何一种，其气味享乐得分与问卷的享乐得分之间均无显著相关性。PA患者出现体重减轻、食欲下降和早饱的情况比PNA患者更多。接受化疗的患者在厌恶、体重减轻、食欲下降或早饱方面的发生率并不比未接受化疗的患者显著更高。癌症类型似乎与食物厌恶的发展无关。
