Teixeira L A, Resende C A, Ormonde L R, Rosenbaum R, Figueiredo A M, de Lencastre H, Tomasz A
Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Clin Microbiol. 1995 Sep;33(9):2400-4. doi: 10.1128/jcm.33.9.2400-2404.1995.
Staphylococcus aureus isolates from five large teaching hospitals and one medium-size community hospital located in geographically distant parts of Brazil, in the south and southeast (Rio de Janeiro, Niteroi, Sao Paulo, Porto Alegre) and in the north (Manaus), were tested for their antibiotic resistance patterns and genetic backgrounds. Eighty-five of the 152 isolates were identified as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) by using a combination of an agar dilution screen and a mecA gene-specific DNA probe. All MRSA isolates were resistant to penicillin, erythromycin, gentamicin, oxacillin, and cephalothin, and the majority of isolates (74%) were also resistant to chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, and clindamycin as well and were susceptible only to vancomycin. Isolates obtained from hospitals in Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Niteroi, and Porto Alegre (1,600 km from one another) and Manaus (3,700 km from Rio de Janeiro) were examined by a variety of molecular fingerprinting techniques: the nature of the mecA polymorph and Tn554 attachment sites and restriction fragment length polymorphism of genomic DNAs after SmaI restriction and separation of the digested DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The overwhelming majority of the isolates shared a common pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern and carried mecA polymorph III in combination with Tn554 pattern B, indicating the presence of a single, epidemic MRSA clone spread over large geographic distances of Brazil.
从巴西五个大型教学医院和一个中型社区医院分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌进行了抗生素耐药模式和基因背景检测。这些医院位于巴西地理上相距遥远的地区，包括南部和东南部（里约热内卢、尼泰罗伊、圣保罗、阿雷格里港）以及北部（马瑙斯）。通过琼脂稀释筛选和mecA基因特异性DNA探针相结合的方法，在152株分离菌株中，有85株被鉴定为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）。所有MRSA分离株均对青霉素、红霉素、庆大霉素、苯唑西林和头孢噻吩耐药，大多数分离株（74%）还对氯霉素、磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶、环丙沙星和克林霉素耐药，仅对万古霉素敏感。从圣保罗、里约热内卢、尼泰罗伊和阿雷格里港（彼此相距1600公里）以及马瑙斯（距里约热内卢3700公里）的医院获得的分离株，采用了多种分子指纹技术进行检测：mecA多态性和Tn554附着位点的性质，以及经SmaI酶切后基因组DNA的限制性片段长度多态性，并通过脉冲场凝胶电泳分离酶切后的DNA。绝大多数分离株具有共同的脉冲场凝胶电泳图谱，并携带mecA多态性III与Tn554模式B，这表明在巴西广阔的地理区域存在单一的流行MRSA克隆。
