Heikkilä P, Luotamo M, Pyy L, Riihimäki V
Institute of Occupational Health, Uusimaa Regional Institute Arinatie 3A, Helsinki, Finland.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1995;67(3):211-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00626355.
Chemical exposure of assemblers handling creosote-impregnated wood and of a single worker chiselling coal tar pitch layer was assessed by measuring airborne naphthalene and various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and by measurement of urinary excretion of 1-naphthol and 1-pyrenol. The sum concentration of PAHs and of 4-6 aromatic ring-containing PAHs were high, 440 micrograms/m3 and 290 micrograms/m3, respectively, when chiselling. In the assembler's workplace, the PAH concentrations were about 1/50 of this value. Regarding airborne naphthalene concentrations the situation was reversed (assemblers, 1000 micrograms/m3; chiseller, 160 micrograms/m3). Correspondingly, the assemblers' urinary 1-napthol concentrations were 15-20 times higher than those of the chiseller. The urinary 1-pyrenol concentration of the chiseller was 2-4 times higher than among the assemblers. As the estimated pyrene inhalation doses among the assemblers could account for only about 2%-25% of the 24-h pyrenol excretion in urine, the skin was presumably the main route of uptake. For an assessment of the exposure to PAHs, air measurements, monitoring of metabolites in urine and preferably also data on the composition of the skin-contaminating product are needed.
通过测量空气中萘和各种多环芳烃（PAHs），以及测量尿中1-萘酚和1-芘酚的排泄量，对处理杂酚油浸渍木材的装配工和一名凿煤焦油沥青层的工人的化学暴露情况进行了评估。凿煤焦油沥青层时，PAHs的总浓度和含4-6个芳环的PAHs的浓度很高，分别为440微克/立方米和290微克/立方米。在装配工的工作场所，PAH浓度约为此值的1/50。关于空气中萘的浓度，情况则相反（装配工为1000微克/立方米；凿煤焦油沥青层的工人为160微克/立方米）。相应地，装配工尿中1-萘酚的浓度比凿煤焦油沥青层的工人高15-20倍。凿煤焦油沥青层的工人尿中1-芘酚的浓度比装配工高2-4倍。由于装配工中估计的芘吸入剂量仅占尿中24小时芘酚排泄量的约2%-25%，推测皮肤可能是主要的吸收途径。为了评估PAHs暴露情况，需要进行空气测量、监测尿中代谢物，最好还需要有关皮肤污染产品成分的数据。
