Schreck C E, Fish D, McGovern T P
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1995 Mar;11(1):136-40.
Twenty-nine repellents were tested on human skin for duration of activity as protectants against nymphal lone star ticks (Amblyomma americanum) and against black-legged or deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis Say). Eleven of these repellents, including deet, provided > 2 h of protection against the lone star tick. One repellent, 1-(3-cyclohexenyl-ylcarbonyl) piperidine, was effective > or = 4 h. Four repellents (2 pyridines and 2 piperidines with protection lasting 2.3-3 h) showed acaricidal activity to more than half of the ticks tested after 9-12 min of exposure. Seven repellents that were most effective against A. americanum, including deet, were tested against the black-legged tick. None was effective and no knock-down was observed. These results suggest that the black-legged tick is less sensitive to repellents than the lone star tick.
对29种驱避剂在人体皮肤上进行了测试，以评估其作为保护剂防止美洲钝眼蜱若虫（美洲钝眼蜱）和黑脚蜱或鹿蜱（肩突硬蜱）叮咬的有效时长。其中11种驱避剂，包括避蚊胺，对美洲钝眼蜱的防护时长超过2小时。一种驱避剂，1-(3-环己烯基-羰基)哌啶，有效时长≥4小时。四种驱避剂（2种吡啶和2种哌啶，防护时长为2.3 - 3小时）在暴露9 - 12分钟后，对超过半数受试蜱虫显示出杀螨活性。对美洲钝眼蜱最有效的七种驱避剂，包括避蚊胺，对黑脚蜱进行了测试。没有一种有效，也未观察到击倒现象。这些结果表明，黑脚蜱对驱避剂的敏感性低于美洲钝眼蜱。
