Buckley M M, Benfield P
Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
Drugs. 1993 Jul;46(1):126-51. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199346010-00008.
Eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream 5% is a eutectic mixture of the local anaesthetics lidocaine (lignocaine) 25 mg/g and prilocaine 25 mg/g that provides dermal anaesthesia/analgesia following topical application. The principal indication in which eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream has been studied is the management of pain associated with venipuncture or intravenous cannulation, where significantly greater pain relief than placebo, with equivalent efficacy to ethyl chloride spray and lidocaine infiltration, has been demonstrated. In dermatological surgery, eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream offers effective pain relief in children undergoing curettage of molluscum contagiosum lesions, and in adults undergoing split-skin graft harvesting. Particular benefit has also been shown with use of eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream in association with treatment of condylomata acuminata in both men and women, and it appears to provide a useful alternative to lidocaine infiltration in this context. Further research in such indications as paediatric lumbar puncture, minor otological surgery, and minor gynaecological, urological and andrological procedures is likely to further broaden the profile of clinical use for eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream. Eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream has a very favourable tolerability profile, transient and mild skin blanching and erythema being the most frequent adverse events to occur in association with its application to skin. The potential for inducing methaemoglobinaemia, attributed to a metabolite of the prilocaine component of the formulation, prohibits its use in infants younger than 6 months. In summary, eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream is a novel formulation of local anaesthetics that has proven to be effective and well-tolerated in the relief of pain associated with various minor interventions in adults and children.
复方利多卡因乳膏5%是一种局部麻醉药的共熔混合物，其中利多卡因（昔罗卡因）含量为25mg/g，丙胺卡因含量为25mg/g，局部应用后可产生皮肤麻醉/镇痛作用。复方利多卡因乳膏主要的研究适应症是用于处理与静脉穿刺或静脉插管相关的疼痛，在此类情况中，已证实其止痛效果显著优于安慰剂，与氯乙烷喷雾剂和利多卡因浸润的疗效相当。在皮肤科手术中，复方利多卡因乳膏能有效减轻患有传染性软疣的儿童在刮除病变时的疼痛，以及接受分层皮片移植的成人的疼痛。复方利多卡因乳膏联合治疗男性和女性尖锐湿疣也显示出特别的益处，在这种情况下，它似乎是利多卡因浸润的一种有用替代方法。在小儿腰椎穿刺、小型耳科手术以及小型妇科、泌尿科和男科手术等适应症方面的进一步研究，可能会进一步拓宽复方利多卡因乳膏的临床应用范围。复方利多卡因乳膏具有非常良好的耐受性，短暂且轻微的皮肤变白和红斑是其应用于皮肤时最常出现的不良事件。由于该制剂中丙胺卡因成分的一种代谢产物有诱发高铁血红蛋白血症的可能性，因此禁止在6个月以下婴儿中使用。总之，复方利多卡因乳膏是一种新型局部麻醉药制剂，已证明在缓解成人和儿童各种小手术相关疼痛方面有效且耐受性良好。
