JAMA. 1994 Oct 19;272(15):1196-202.
To address concerns about the effects of weight cycling and to provide guidance on the risk-to-benefit ratio of attempts at weight loss, given current scientific knowledge.
Original reports obtained through MEDLINE and psychological abstracts searches for 1966 through 1994 on weight cycling, "yo-yo dieting," and weight fluctuation, supplemented by a manual search of bibliographies.
English-language articles that evaluated the effects of weight change or weight cycling on humans or animals.
Studies were reviewed by experts in the fields of nutrition, obesity, and epidemiology to evaluate study design and the validity of the authors' conclusions based on published data.
The majority of studies do not support an adverse effect of weight cycling on metabolism. Many observational studies have shown an association between variation in body weight and increased morbidity and mortality. However, most of these studies did not examine intentional vs unintentional weight loss, nor were they designed to determine the effects of weight cycling in obese, as opposed to normal-weight, individuals.
The currently available evidence is not sufficiently compelling to override the potential benefits of moderate weight loss in significantly obese patients. Therefore, obese individuals should not allow concerns about hazards of weight cycling to deter them from efforts to control their body weight. Although conclusive data regarding long-term health effects of weight cycling are lacking, nonobese individuals should attempt to maintain a stable weight. Obese individuals who undertake weight loss efforts should be ready to commit to lifelong changes in their behavioral patterns, diet, and physical activity.
鉴于当前的科学知识，解决对体重循环影响的担忧，并就减肥尝试的风险效益比提供指导。
通过检索1966年至1994年的MEDLINE和心理学文摘获得的关于体重循环、“溜溜球节食”和体重波动的原始报告，并辅以手工检索参考文献。
评估体重变化或体重循环对人类或动物影响的英文文章。
由营养、肥胖和流行病学领域的专家对研究进行审查，以根据已发表的数据评估研究设计和作者结论的有效性。
大多数研究不支持体重循环对新陈代谢有不良影响。许多观察性研究表明体重变化与发病率和死亡率增加之间存在关联。然而，这些研究大多没有考察有意减肥与无意减肥的区别，也不是为了确定体重循环对肥胖个体（与正常体重个体相对）的影响而设计的。
目前可得的证据不足以令人信服地推翻显著肥胖患者适度减肥的潜在益处。因此，肥胖个体不应因担心体重循环的危害而放弃控制体重的努力。尽管缺乏关于体重循环对长期健康影响的确凿数据，但非肥胖个体应努力保持体重稳定。进行减肥的肥胖个体应准备好致力于行为模式、饮食和体育活动的终身改变。
