Tomoda M, Takeda K, Shimizu N, Gonda R, Ohara N, Takada K, Hirabayashi K
Kyoritsu College of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.
Biol Pharm Bull. 1993 Jan;16(1):22-5. doi: 10.1248/bpb.16.22.
Two acidic polysaccharides, named ginsenan PA and ginsenan PB, were isolated from the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. They were homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and their molecular masses were estimated to be 1.6 x 10(5) and 5.5 x 10(4), respectively. They are composed of L-arabinose: D-galactose: L-rhamnose: D-galacturonic acid: D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratios of 11:22:1:6:1 (ginsenan PA) and 3:7:2:8:1 (ginsenan PB), in addition to small amounts of O-acetyl groups. Almost all (ginsenan PA) and part (ginsenan PB) of the hexuronic acid residues exist as methyl esters. Reduction of carboxyl groups, methylation analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance and periodate oxidation studies indicated that their structural features include mainly both alpha-arabino-beta-3,6-galactan type and rhamnogalacturonan type structural units. Both polysaccharides showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test, pronounced anti-complementary activity and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activity in a dose dependent manner.
从人参（Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer）根部分离出两种酸性多糖，命名为人参聚糖PA和人参聚糖PB。它们在电泳和凝胶色谱上均一，分子量分别估计为1.6×10⁵和5.5×10⁴。它们由L-阿拉伯糖：D-半乳糖：L-鼠李糖：D-半乳糖醛酸：D-葡萄糖醛酸以11:22:1:6:1（人参聚糖PA）和3:7:2:8:1（人参聚糖PB）的摩尔比组成，此外还含有少量的O-乙酰基。几乎所有的己糖醛酸残基（人参聚糖PA）和部分己糖醛酸残基（人参聚糖PB）以甲酯形式存在。羧基还原、甲基化分析、核磁共振和高碘酸盐氧化研究表明，它们的结构特征主要包括α-阿拉伯糖-β-3,6-半乳聚糖型和鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸聚糖型结构单元。两种多糖在碳清除试验中均表现出显著的网状内皮系统增强活性，在剂量依赖性方面具有明显的抗补体活性和碱性磷酸酶诱导活性。
