Gander P H, Nguyen D, Rosekind M R, Connell L J
San Jose State University Foundation, NASA-Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1993 Mar;64(3 Pt 1):189-95.
Age-related changes in trip-induced sleep loss, personality (n = 205), and the pre-duty temperature rhythm (n = 91) were analyzed in crews from various flight operations. Eveningness decreased with age (subjects aged 20-30 were more evening-type than subjects over 40). The minimum of the baseline temperature rhythm occurred earlier with age (earlier in subjects aged 30-50 than in subjects aged 20-30). The amplitude of the baseline temperature rhythm declined with age (greater in subjects aged 20-30 than in subjects over 40). Average daily percentage sleep loss during trips increased with age. Among crewmembers flying longhaul flight operations, subjects aged 50-60 averaged 3.5 times more sleep loss per day than subjects aged 20-30. These studies support previous findings that evening types and subjects with later peaking temperature rhythms adapt better to shift work and time zone changes. Age and circadian type may be important considerations for duty schedules and fatigue countermeasures.
对来自不同飞行任务的机组人员进行了分析，研究了旅行引起的睡眠不足、人格（n = 205）和执勤前体温节律（n = 91）的年龄相关变化。随着年龄增长，夜型倾向降低（20至30岁的受试者比40岁以上的受试者更偏向夜型）。基线体温节律的最小值出现时间随年龄提前（30至50岁的受试者比20至30岁的受试者出现得更早）。基线体温节律的幅度随年龄下降（20至30岁的受试者比40岁以上的受试者更大）。旅行期间平均每日睡眠不足百分比随年龄增加。在执行长途飞行任务的机组人员中，50至60岁的受试者平均每日睡眠不足比20至30岁的受试者多3.5倍。这些研究支持了先前的发现，即夜型人和体温节律峰值较晚的受试者更能适应轮班工作和时区变化。年龄和昼夜节律类型可能是值班安排和疲劳应对措施的重要考虑因素。
