Abrahamsson M, Sjöstrand J
Department of Ophthalmology, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1996 Oct;80(10):860-3. doi: 10.1136/bjo.80.10.860.
AIMS/BACKGROUND: In a previous study longitudinal changes of anisometropia were investigated. It was shown that anisometropia arises and vanishes during the emmetropisation process and that the associated risk for amblyopia is low. The aim of this study was to follow acuity and refraction longitudinally in children with marked anisometropia at 1 year of age.
Refractive errors and visual acuity were estimated every sixth month for a selected group of 20 children with marked anisometropia > or = 3.0 D (spherical equivalent) at 1 year of age from approximately 3 to 10 years of age.
The children could be classified into three groups. In six subjects the anisometropia increased (mean 1.4 D) and they all developed amblyopia. The remaining children could be classified into two groups of equal size. One group developed no amblyopia and the anisometropia decreased with a mean of 3.0 D. The seven remaining children developed amblyopia and/or strabismus; the mean anisometropia decrease was 1.2 D.
Anisometropia at 1 year of age that is larger or equal to 3.0 D will in 90% of the cases still be there at 10 years of age. There is a substantial risk of this group developing amblyopia (60%).
目的/背景：在之前的一项研究中，对屈光参差的纵向变化进行了调查。结果显示，屈光参差在正视化过程中出现并消失，且弱视相关风险较低。本研究的目的是对1岁时患有明显屈光参差的儿童的视力和屈光状态进行纵向随访。
从大约3岁至10岁，每6个月对一组20名1岁时患有明显屈光参差（球镜等效度≥3.0 D）的儿童进行屈光不正和视力评估。
这些儿童可分为三组。6名儿童的屈光参差增加（平均增加1.4 D），且均发生了弱视。其余儿童可分为两组，每组人数相等。一组未发生弱视，屈光参差平均减少3.0 D。其余7名儿童发生了弱视和/或斜视；屈光参差平均减少1.
