Titze S, Martin B W, Seiler R, Marti B
Institute of Sport Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University, Graz.
Soz Praventivmed. 2001;46(1):13-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01318794.
Recent recommendations suggest that health benefits can also be derived from regular daily activities of moderate intensity which accelerate breathing, such as climbing stairs. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an intervention programme on behaviour change in stair use in a working environment.
Intervention field workers were instructed to offer attractive or pull actions. 338 employees of four offices of the Swiss federal government were involved in the evaluation. Two methods were used to assess stair and lift use both before and after the four month intervention period: a non-covered personal observation and an automatic measurement.
Taking all four offices together, a significant increase in stair use, from 61.8% to 67.1% (p = 0.028), was found between the baseline and the follow-up observation. The automatic measurement during observation time reveals a change in stair use from 68.8% to 71.4% (p = 0.268). The pattern of stair use examined for 24 hours by automatic means, however, was not so consistent. Due to the proportion of stair use in each office it is assumed that environmental factors influences the behaviour. The highest percentage of stair use at baseline (86.2%) was identified in an office with a bright stairwell and a small number of steps between floors. The lowest proportion (31.4%) was observed in an office with a dark stairwell, a large number of steps between floors and a stairwell accessible only with a key.
However, our findings indicate that intervention with "rewarding" elements encourage individuals to use stairs.
最近的建议表明，日常进行适度强度的活动，如爬楼梯，加快呼吸，也能带来健康益处。本研究的目的是检验一项干预计划对工作环境中楼梯使用行为改变的影响。
干预现场工作人员被指示提供有吸引力的或推动性的行动。瑞士联邦政府四个办公室的338名员工参与了评估。在为期四个月的干预期前后，使用两种方法评估楼梯和电梯的使用情况：无遮盖的个人观察和自动测量。
综合四个办公室来看，在基线观察和随访观察之间，楼梯使用率显著提高，从61.8%提高到67.1%（p = 0.028）。观察期间的自动测量结果显示，楼梯使用率从68.8%变为71.4%（p = 0.268）。然而，通过自动方式对楼梯使用情况进行24小时的监测，结果并不那么一致。由于每个办公室的楼梯使用率不同，推测环境因素会影响行为。在一个楼梯间明亮且楼层间步数较少的办公室，基线时楼梯使用率最高（86.2%）。在一个楼梯间昏暗、楼层间步数较多且只有用钥匙才能进入楼梯间的办公室，楼梯使用率最低（31.4%）。
然而，我们的研究结果表明，带有“奖励”元素的干预措施会鼓励人们使用楼梯。
