Enright Paul L, McBurnie Mary Ann, Bittner Vera, Tracy Russell P, McNamara Robert, Arnold Alice, Newman Anne B
University of Arizona, USA.
Chest. 2003 Feb;123(2):387-98. doi: 10.1378/chest.123.2.387.
To determine the correlates of the total 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in a population sample of adults > or = 68 years old.
The standardized 6-min walk test (6MWT) was administered to the Cardiovascular Health Study cohort during their seventh annual examination.
Of the 3,333 participants with a clinic visit, 2,281 subjects (68%) performed the 6MWT. There were no untoward events. The mean 6MWD was 344 m (SD, 88 m). Independent general correlates of a shorter 6MWD in linear regression models in women and men included the following: older age, higher weight, larger waist, weaker grip strength, symptoms of depression, and decreased mental status. Independent disease or risk factor correlates of a shorter 6MWD included the following: a low ankle BP, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and arthritis in men and women; higher C-reactive protein, diastolic hypertension, and lower FEV(1) in women; and the use of digitalis in men. Approximately 30% of the variance in 6MWD was explained by the linear regression models. Newly described bivariate associations of a shorter 6MWD included impaired activities of daily living; self-reported poor health; less education; nonwhite race; a history of coronary heart disease, transient ischemic attacks, stroke, or diabetes; and higher levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, or WBC count.
Most community-dwelling elderly persons can quickly and safely perform this functional status test in the outpatient clinic setting. The test may be used clinically to measure the impact of multiple comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, lung disease, arthritis, diabetes, and cognitive dysfunction and depression, on exercise capacity and endurance in older adults. Expected values should be adjusted for the patient's age, gender, height, and weight.
确定年龄≥68岁的成年人群样本中6分钟步行总距离（6MWD）的相关因素。
在心血管健康研究队列的第七次年度检查期间，对其进行标准化的6分钟步行试验（6MWT）。
在3333名就诊参与者中，2281名受试者（68%）进行了6MWT。未发生不良事件。平均6MWD为344米（标准差，88米）。在男性和女性的线性回归模型中，与较短6MWD独立相关的一般因素包括：年龄较大、体重较高、腰围较大、握力较弱、抑郁症状和精神状态下降。与较短6MWD独立相关的疾病或风险因素包括：男女的低踝部血压、使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂和关节炎；女性的高C反应蛋白、舒张期高血压和较低的第一秒用力呼气量（FEV₁）；以及男性使用洋地黄。线性回归模型解释了6MWD中约30%的变异。新描述的与较短6MWD的双变量关联包括日常生活活动受损；自我报告的健康状况差；教育程度较低；非白人种族；冠心病、短暂性脑缺血发作、中风或糖尿病病史；以及较高水平的C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原或白细胞计数。
大多数社区居住的老年人能够在门诊环境中快速、安全地进行这项功能状态测试。该测试可在临床上用于评估多种合并症，包括心血管疾病、肺部疾病、关节炎、糖尿病以及认知功能障碍和抑郁症，对老年人运动能力和耐力的影响。预期值应根据患者的年龄、性别、身高和体重进行调整。
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