Hamilton A Cris, Martin Randi C
Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2005 Mar;5(1):1-13. doi: 10.3758/cabn.5.1.1.
Recent theories of working memory have emphasized the role of inhibition in suppressing irrelevant information. Moreover, psychometric studies have reported that several inhibition tasks with very diverse requirements load on a single inhibition factor. A patient with left inferior frontal damage, Patient M.L., previously reported to have a semantic short-term memory deficit (R. C. Martin & He, 2004), showed evidence of difficulty with inhibition on short-term memory tasks. We investigated whether he would show evidence of inhibition difficulty on two verbal tasks (a Stroop task and a recent-negatives task) and two nonverbal tasks (a nonverbal spatial Stroop task and an antisaccade task). M.L. was impaired on both verbal tasks but performed normally on the nonverbal tasks. M.L.'s data also represent a dissociation between Stroop and antisaccade performance, two tasks that load on a single factor in factor-analytic studies. The implications of these data for theories of inhibition and executive function are discussed.
近期的工作记忆理论强调了抑制在抑制无关信息方面的作用。此外，心理测量学研究报告称，几项要求差异很大的抑制任务都加载在一个单一的抑制因子上。一名左下额叶受损的患者M.L.，此前报告有语义短期记忆缺陷（R.C.马丁和何，2004年），在短期记忆任务中表现出抑制困难的迹象。我们研究了他在两项语言任务（一项斯特鲁普任务和一项近期否定任务）以及两项非语言任务（一项非语言空间斯特鲁普任务和一项反眼跳任务）中是否会表现出抑制困难的迹象。M.L.在两项语言任务中均受损，但在非语言任务中表现正常。M.L.的数据还表明了斯特鲁普任务和反眼跳任务表现之间的分离，这两项任务在因素分析研究中加载在一个单一因子上。本文讨论了这些数据对抑制理论和执行功能的意义。
