Blonigen Daniel M, Hicks Brian M, Krueger Robert F, Patrick Christopher J, Iacono William G
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Campus, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0344, USA.
Psychol Med. 2005 May;35(5):637-48. doi: 10.1017/s0033291704004180.
Little research has examined genetic and environmental contributions to psychopathic personality traits. Additionally, no studies have examined etiological connections between psychopathic traits and the broad psychopathological domains of internalizing (mood and anxiety) and externalizing (antisocial behavior, substance abuse). The current study was designed to fill these gaps in the literature.
Participants were 626 pairs of 17-year-old male and female twins from the community. Psychopathic traits were indexed using scores on the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ). Symptoms of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology were obtained via structured clinical interviews. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate genetic and environmental influences on psychopathic personality traits as well as the degree of genetic overlap between these traits and composites of internalizing and externalizing.
Twin analyses revealed significant genetic influence on distinct psychopathic traits (Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality). Moreover, Fearless Dominance was associated with reduced genetic risk for internalizing psychopathology, and Impulsive Antisociality was associated with increased genetic risk for externalizing psychopathology.
These results indicate that different psychopathic traits as measured by the MPQ show distinct genetically based relations with broad dimensions of DSM psychopathology.
很少有研究探讨基因和环境对精神病态人格特质的影响。此外，尚无研究考察精神病态特质与内化（情绪和焦虑）和外化（反社会行为、药物滥用）等广泛精神病理学领域之间的病因学联系。本研究旨在填补文献中的这些空白。
参与者为来自社区的626对17岁的男性和女性双胞胎。使用多维人格问卷（MPQ）得分对精神病态特质进行索引。通过结构化临床访谈获取内化和外化精神病理学症状。采用结构方程模型估计基因和环境对精神病态人格特质的影响，以及这些特质与内化和外化综合症状之间的基因重叠程度。
双胞胎分析显示，基因对不同的精神病态特质（无畏支配和冲动反社会性）有显著影响。此外，无畏支配与内化精神病理学的遗传风险降低相关，冲动反社会性与外化精神病理学的遗传风险增加相关。
这些结果表明，MPQ所测量的不同精神病态特质与DSM精神病理学的广泛维度显示出基于基因的不同关系。
