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“变通性”无烟政策:烟草行业在拉丁美洲的“选择礼遇”计划

"Accommodating" smoke-free policies: tobacco industry's Courtesy of Choice programme in Latin America.

作者信息

Sebrié Ernesto M, Glantz Stanton A

机构信息

Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-1390, USA.

出版信息

Tob Control. 2007 Oct;16(5):e6. doi: 10.1136/tc.2006.018275.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To understand the implementation and effects of the Courtesy of Choice programme designed to "accommodate" smokers as an alternative to smoke-free policies developed by Philip Morris International (PMI) and supported by RJ Reynolds (RJR) and British American Tobacco (BAT) since the mid-1990s in Latin America.

METHODS

Analysis of internal tobacco industry documents, BAT "social reports", news reports and tobacco control legislation.

RESULTS

Since the mid-1990s, PMI, BAT and RJR promoted Accommodation Programs to maintain the social acceptability of smoking. As in other parts of the world, multinational tobacco companies partnered with third party allies from the hospitality industry in Latin America. The campaign was extended from the hospitality industry (bars, restaurants and hotels) to other venues such as workplaces and airport lounges. A local public relations agency, as well as a network of engineers and other experts in ventilation systems, was hired to promote the tobacco industry's programme. The most important outcome of these campaigns in several countries was the prevention of meaningful smoke-free policies, both in public places and in workplaces.

CONCLUSIONS

Courtesy of Choice remains an effective public relations campaign to undermine smoke-free policies in Latin America. The tobacco companies' accommodation campaign undermines the implementation of measures to protect people from second-hand smoke called for by the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, perpetuating the exposure to tobacco smoke in indoor enclosed environments.

摘要

目的

了解自20世纪90年代中期以来,菲利普·莫里斯国际公司(PMI)制定、雷诺烟草公司(RJR)和英美烟草公司(BAT)支持的旨在“容纳”吸烟者以替代无烟政策的“选择礼遇”计划在拉丁美洲的实施情况及效果。

方法

分析烟草行业内部文件、英美烟草公司“社会报告”、新闻报道及烟草控制立法。

结果

自20世纪90年代中期以来,菲利普·莫里斯国际公司、英美烟草公司和雷诺烟草公司推行了“容纳计划”以维持吸烟在社会上的可接受性。与世界其他地区一样,跨国烟草公司在拉丁美洲与酒店业的第三方盟友合作。该活动从酒店业(酒吧、餐馆和酒店)扩展到了其他场所,如工作场所和机场候机室。一家当地公关机构以及一个通风系统工程师和其他专家网络受雇来推广烟草行业的计划。在几个国家,这些活动最重要的结果是阻止了在公共场所和工作场所实施有意义的无烟政策。

结论

“选择礼遇”仍然是一场有效的公关活动,旨在破坏拉丁美洲的无烟政策。烟草公司的“容纳”活动破坏了世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》所要求的保护人们免受二手烟危害措施的实施,使室内封闭环境中长期存在烟草烟雾暴露。

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